rabato n. a wired or starched collar of intricate lace; worn in 17th century
rabbet v. join with a rabbet joint; cut a rabbet in something@n. a rectangular groove made to hold two pieces together
rabbi n. spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply the halakhah and other Jewish law
rabbinate n. rabbis collectively
rabbinic adj. of or relating to rabbis or their teachings
rabbinical adj. of or relating to rabbis or their teachings; rabbinical school
rabbit v. hunt rabbits@n. any of various burrowing animals of the family Leporidae having long ears and short tails; some domesticated and raised for pets or food; the fur of a rabbit
rabbiteye n. shrub of southeastern United States grown commercially especially for canning industry
rabbitfish n. large European chimaera
rabbitweed n. low-growing sticky subshrub of southwestern United States having narrow linear leaves on many slender branches and hundreds of tiny yellow flower heads
rabbitwood n. shrub of southeasternUni ted States parasitic on roots of hemlocks having sparse spikes of greenish flowers and pulpy drupes
rabble n. a disorderly crowd of people; disparaging terms for the common people
rabid adj. marked by excessive enthusiasm for and intense devotion to a cause or idea; rabid isolationist
rabies n. an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal)
raccoon n. the fur of the North American racoon; omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North and Central America
race n. any competition; the race for the presidency; a contest of speed; the race is to the swift; people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock@v. step on it; compete in a race, as in athletics; cause to move fast or to rush or race
raceabout n. a small sloop having the keep of a knockabout but with finer lines and carrying more sail
racecard n. a program for a race meeting; lists the races and the names of the horses
racecourse n. a course over which races are run
racehorse n. a horse bred for racing
raceme n. usually elongate cluster of flowers along the main stem in which the flowers at the base open first
racemose adj. (botany) having stalked flowers along an elongated stem that continue to open in succession from below as the stem continues to grow; lilies of the valley are racemose
racer n. a fast car that competes in races; a person or other animal that races; slender fast-moving North American snakes
racerunner n. very swift lizard of eastern and central United States
racetrack n. a course over which races are run
raceway n. a canal for a current of water; a course over which races are run
rachet n. a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction
rachis n. axis of a compound leaf or compound inflorescence
rachitis n. inflammation of the vertebral column; childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
racial adj. of or related to genetically distinguished groups of people; racial groups; of or characteristic of race or races or arising from differences among groups; racial differences
racialism n. discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race
racialist n. a person with a prejudiced belief that one race is superior to others
racially adv. with respect to race; racially integrated
racily adv. in a racy manner; racily vernacular language
raciness n. behavior or language bordering on indelicacy
racing n. the sport of engaging in contests of speed
racism n. the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other races; discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race
racist n. a person with a prejudiced belief that one race is superior to others@adj. based on racial intolerance; racist remarks; discriminatory especially on the basis of race or religion
rack v. go at a rack, as of horses; rack one's brains; work by a rack and pinion or worm so as to extend or contract; rack a camera; obtain by coercion or intimidation@n. framework for holding objects
racket v. celebrate noisily; engage in uproarious festivities; make a racket; hit with a racket, of a ball@n. a loud and disturbing noise; an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit
racketeer n. some who commits crimes for profit (especially one who obtains money by fraud or extortion)
racketeering n. engaging in a racket
racketiness n. characterized by loud and constant noise
rackety adj. uncontrollably noisy
racking adj. causing great physical or mental suffering
racon n. a device that, on receiving radar signals, transmits coded signals in response to help navigators determine their position
raconteur n. a person skilled in telling anecdotes
racoon n. omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North and Central America
racquet n. a sports implement consisting of a handle and an oval frame with a tightly interlaced network of strings; used to strike a ball (or shuttlecock) in various games
racquetball n. a game played on a handball court with short-handled rackets
racy adj. full of zest or vigor; a racy literary style; suggestive of sexual impropriety; racy anecdotes
rad n. a unit of absorbed ionizing radiation equal to 100 ergs per gram of irradiated material
radar n. the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects
radarscope n. a device that gives the visual indication in a radar receiver
raddle v. twist or braid together, interlace; mark or paint with raddle
raddled adj. worn until no longer useful; battered trumpets and raddled radios; showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering; that raddled but still noble face
radial adj. relating to or near the radius; the radial aspect of the forearm; relating to or moving along or having the direction of a radius; radial velocity; issuing in rays; relating to rays of light; intense radial heat@n. has radial-ply casing
radially adv. in a radial manner; an imaginative dispersal of the pews radially from the central focus of the pulpit
radian n. the unit of plane angle adopted under the System International d'Unites; equal to the angle at the center of a circle subtended by an arc equal in length to the radius (approximately 57.295 degrees)
radiance n. the amount of electromagnetic radiation leaving or arriving at a point on a surface; the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light; an attractive combination of good health and happiness; the radiance of her countenance
radiancy n. the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light
radiant adj. radiating or as if radiating light; a radiant sunrise
radiantly adv. in a radiant manner; the bride smiled radiantly
radiate v. emit radiation; send out real or metaphoric rays; extend like the radii of a circle; esp. of the complexion: show a strong bright color, such as red or pink; cause to be seen by emitting light
radiating adj. diverging from a common point
radiation n. the physical phenomenon of radiating energy in the form of waves or particles; the act of radiating
radiator n. any object that radiates energy; a series of pipes for circulating steam or hot water to heat rooms or buildings
radical n. two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule@adj. (used of opinions and actions) far beyond the norm; radical opinions on education; markedly new or introducing radical change; radical political views
radicalism n. the political orientation of those who favor revolutionary change in government and society
radically adv. in a radical manner; she took a radically different approach
radicchio n. prized variety of chicory having globose heads of red leaves
radicle n. (anatomy) a small structure resembling a rootlet (such as a fibril of a nerve)
radii pl. of radius
radio adj. (combining form) indicating radiation or radioactivity@v. transmit messages via radio waves@n. medium for communication; an electronic device that detects and demodulates and amplifies transmitted signals
radioactive adj. exhibiting or caused by radioactivity; radioactive isotope
radioactivity n. radiation resulting from radioactive decay
radiocarbon n. a radioactive isotope of carbon
radiochemistry n. the chemistry of radioactive substances
radiochlorine n. a radioactive isotope of chlorine
radiogram n. a message transmitted by wireless telegraphy; a photographic image produced on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light (especially by X-rays or gamma rays)
radiograph n. a photographic image produced on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light (especially by X-rays or gamma rays)
radiographer n. a person who makes radiographs
radiographic adj. relating to or produced by radiography
radiography n. the process of making a radiograph; producing an image on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light; photography that uses other kinds of radiation than visible light
radioisotope n. a radioactive isotope of an element; produced either naturally or artificially
radiolarian n. protozoa with amoeba-like bodies and radiating filamentous pseudopods
radiolocation n. the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects
radiological adj. or or relating to radiology
radiologist n. a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease
radiology n. examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation
radiolucent adj. almost complete transparent to X-rays or other forms of radiation; radiolucent tissues
radiometer n. instrument to detect and measure acoustic radiation; instrument to detect and measure electromagnetic radiation
radiomicrometer n. an extremely sensitive radiometer
radiopaque adj. not transparent to X-rays or other forms of radiation; barium sulfate is radiopaque
radiophone n. a telephone that communicates by radio waves rather than along cables
radioscopy n. examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation
radiosensitive adj. sensitive to radiation
radiotelegraph n. telegraphy that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire; the use of radio to send telegraphic messages (usually by Morse code)
radiotelegraphy n. telegraphy that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire; the use of radio to send telegraphic messages (usually by Morse code)
radiotelephone n. telephony that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire; a telephone that communicates by radio waves rather than along cables
radiotelephonic adj. relating to or by means of radiotelephony
radiotelephony n. telephony that uses transmission by radio rather than by wire
radiotherapist n. a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease
radiotherapy n. the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to radiation
radish n. pungent fleshy edible root; pungent edible root of any of various cultivated radish plants; Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its edible pungent root usually eaten raw
radium n. an intensely radioactive metallic element that occurs in minute amounts in uranium ores
radius n. the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere; a straight line from the center to the perimeter of a circle (or from the center to the surface of a sphere)
radix n. (in a digital numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place; 10 is the radix of the decimal system
radome n. a housing for a radar antenna; transparent to radio waves
radon n. a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to health
raetam n. desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista
raffia n. leaf fibers of the raffia palm tree; used to make baskets and mats etc.; fiber of a raffia palm used as light cordage and in making hats and baskets
raffinose n. a trisaccharide that occurs in sugar beets and cotton seeds and certain cereals
raffish adj. marked by smartness in dress and manners; marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness
raffishly adv. in a rakish manner
raffle n. a lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money@v. dispose of in a raffle
raft v. transport on a raft; raft wood down a river; travel by raft in water; make into a raft; raft these logs@n. a flat float (usually made of logs or planks) that can be used for transport or as a platform for swimmers
rafter n. one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof@v. provide with rafters, as of ceilings
raftered adj. having the rafters especially having them visible; a raftered ceiling
raftman n. someone who travels by raft
rafts n. a large number or amount
raftsman n. someone who travels by raft
rag v. annoy constantly; cause annoyance in; disturb, esp. by minor irritations; play in ragtime, as of a musical piece; harass with persistent criticism or carping; censure severely or angrily@n. a small piece of cloth
ragamuffin n. a dirty shabbily clothed urchin
ragbag n. a motley assortment of things; a bag in which rags are kept
rage v. behave violently, as if in a great rage; be violent; as of fires and storms@n. a feeling of intense anger; his face turned red with rage; a state of extreme anger; she fell into a rage and refused to answer
ragee n. East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient
ragged adj. being or dressed in clothes that are worn or torn; clothes as ragged as a scarecrow's; worn out from stress or strain; run ragged; having an irregular outline; text set with ragged right margins
raggedly adv. in a ragged uneven manner; I took the cigarette he offered, drawing at it raggedly; in a ragged irregular manner; a stone wall trails raggedly through the woods; with a ragged and uneven appearance; a long beard, raggedly cut
raggedness n. shabbiness by virtue of being in rags
ragi n. East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient
raging adj. characterized by violent and forceful activity or movement; very intense; a raging battle; very severe; a raging thirst; (of the elements) as if showing violent anger; the raging sea
raglan n. a garment (coat or sweater) that has raglan sleeves
ragout n. well-seasoned stew of meat and vegetables
ragtag n. disparaging terms for the common people
ragtime n. music with a syncopated melody (usually for the piano)
ragweed n. widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantity
ragwort n. widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantity; American ragwort with yellow flowers
raid v. make a sudden surprise attack on; enter someone else's territory@n. a sudden short attack; an attempt by speculators to defraud investors
raider n. someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war); a corporate investor who intends to take over a company by buying a controlling interest in its stock and installing new management
raiding adj. characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding; a raiding party
rail n. a barrier consisting of a horizontal rail and supports; short for railway; he traveled by rail or he was concerned with rail safety@v. complain bitterly; spread negative information about
railcar n. a wheeled vehicle adapted to the rails of railroad
railhead n. a railroad depot in a theater of operations where military supplies are unloaded for distribution; the end of the completed track on an unfinished railway
railing n. a barrier consisting of a horizontal rail and supports
raillery n. light teasing repartee
railroad n. the commercial organization responsible for operating a railway system@v. compel by threatening
railroader n. an employee of a railroad
rails n. a bar or bars of rolled steel making a track along which vehicles can roll
railway n. the commercial organization responsible for operating a railway system; a line of track providing a runway for wheels
railwayman n. an employee of a railroad
raiment v. provide with clothes or put clothes on@n. especially fine or decorative clothing
raimentless adj. possessing no clothing
rain v. precipitate as rain@n. water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere; drops of fresh water that fall as precipitation from clouds; anything happening rapidly or in quick successive; a rain of bullets
rainbow n. an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain
raincoat n. a water-resistant overcoat
raindrop n. a drop of rain
rainfall n. water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere
raining adj. falling in drops or as if falling like rain; watched the raining apple blossoms
rainless adj. lacking rain; a rainless month
rainmaking n. activity intended to produce rain
rainproof adj. not permitting the passage of water
rainstorm n. a storm with rain
rainwater n. drops of fresh water that fall as precipitation from clouds
rainy adj. (of weather) wet by periods of rain; rainy days; marked by rain; their vacation turned out to be a series of rainy days
raisable adj. capable of being raised; the roadster had a raisable sunroof
raise v. raise the level or amount of something; raise my salary; raise from a lower to a higher position; cause to be heard or known; express or utter@n. the amount a salary is increased; he got a raise; an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
raiseable adj. capable of being raised
raised adj. above the surround or above the normal position; a raised design; embellished with a raised pattern created by pressure or embroidery; raised needlework; leavened usually with yeast; raised bread
raiser n. someone concerned with the science or art or business of cultivating the soil
raisin n. dried grape
raising n. the event of something being raised; the properties acquired as a consequence of the way you were treated as a child; raising someone to be an accepted member of the community@adj. increasing in quantity or value
raison d'etre n. reason or justification for being
raj n. British dominion over India (1757-1947)
raja n. a Hindu prince or king in India
rajah n. a Hindu prince or king in India
rake n. a dissolute man in fashionable society; degree of deviation from a horizontal plane@v. move through with or as if with a rake; level or smooth with a rake; rake gravel; examine hastily; gather with a rake
rakish adj. marked by smartness in dress and manners; marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness
rakishly adv. in a rakish manner; she wore her hat rakishly at an angle
rakishness n. the quality of a rake; stylishness as evidenced by a smart appearance
rale n. the crackling sound heard on auscultation when patients with respiratory diseases inhale
rallentando adj. gradually decreasing in tempo@adv. (music) slowing down; this passage should be played rallentando
rally v. gather; call to arms; of military personnel; gather or bring together; return to a former condition@n. a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm; the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort
rallying adj. rousing or recalling to unity and renewed effort; a rallying cry@n. the act of mobilizing for a common purpose; the bell was a signal for the rallying of the whole neighborhood; the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort
ram v. strike or drive against with a heavy impact; ram the gate with a sledgehammer; physical or metaphorical, as in; undergo damage or destruction on impact; crowd or pack to capacity@n. a tool for driving or forcing something by impact
ramble n. a leisurely walk (usually in some public place)@v. continue talking or writing in a desultory manner; wander about aimlessly
rambler n. a person who takes long walks in the country; a person whose speech or writing is not well organized
rambling adj. (of e.g. speech and writing) tending to depart from the main point or cover a wide range of subjects; a rambling discursive book; of a path e.g.; rambling forest paths
ramblingly adv. in a rambling manner
rambotan n. Malayan tree bearing spiny red fruit; pleasantly acid bright red oval Malayan fruit covered with soft spines
rambunctious adj. noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline; a social gathering that became rambunctious and out of hand
rambutan n. Malayan tree bearing spiny red fruit; pleasantly acid bright red oval Malayan fruit covered with soft spines
ramee n. tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for flax-like fiber from its woody stems
ramekin n. a cheese dish made with bread and egg crumbs that is baked and served in individual fireproof dishes; a small fireproof dish used for baking and serving individual portions
ramequin n. a cheese dish made with bread and egg crumbs that is baked and served in individual fireproof dishes; a small fireproof dish used for baking and serving individual portions
ramie n. tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for flax-like fiber from its woody stems
ramification n. the act of branching out or dividing into branches; a development that complicates a situation
ramify v. divide into two or more branches
ramjet n. a simple type of jet engine; must be launched at high speed
rammer n. a tool for driving something with force
ramona n. shrubby plant with aromatic grayish-green leaves used as a cooking herb
ramontchi n. small shrubby tree of Madagascar cultivated in tropical regions as a hedge plant and for its deep red acid fruits resembling small plums
ramp v. behave violently, as if in a great rage; furnish with a ramp; be rampant, as of a beast in a heraldic depiction; creep up -- used esp. of plants; as of a snake@n. an inclined surface or roadway that moves traffic from one level to another
rampage v. act violently, recklessly, or destructively@n. violently angry and destructive behavior
rampageous adj. displaying raging violence; often destructive
rampant adj. unrestrained and violent; rampant aggression; (heraldry) rearing on left hind leg with forelegs elevated and head usually in profile; a lion rampant
rampantly adv. in an uncontrolled and rampant manner; weeds grew rampantly around here
rampart n. an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes
rampion n. bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad
ramrod n. a rod used to ram the charge into a muzzle-loading firearm; a harshly demanding overseer; a rod used to clean the barrel of a firearm
ramshackle adj. in deplorable condition; a ramshackle old pier
ran past tense of run
ranch n. a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)
rancher n. a person who owns or operates a ranch
ranching n. farming for the raising of livestock (particularly cattle)
rancid adj. used of decomposing oils or fats; rancid butter; smelling of fermentation or staleness
rancor n. a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
rancorous adj. showing deep-seated resentment
rancour n. a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
rancourous adj. showing deep-seated resentment
rand n. the basic unit of money in South Africa; equal to 100 cents
random adj. lacking any definite plan or order or purpose; governed by or depending on chance; a random choice; taken haphazardly; a random choice
randomisation n. an deliberately haphazard arrangement of observations so as to simulate chance
randomization n. an deliberately haphazard arrangement of observations so as to simulate chance
randomize v. arrange in random order
randomized adj. set up or distributed in a deliberately random way
randomly adv. in a random manner; the houses were randomly scattered
randomness n. the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan
randy adj. feeling great sexual desire
ranee n. (the feminine of raja) a Hindu princess or the wife of a raja
rang past tense of ring
range v. change or be different within limits; Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion; wander about aimlessly@n. an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: the range of a supersonic jet
rangefinder n. an instrument (acoustic or optical or electronic) for finding the distance of an object
rangeland n. lan suitable for grazing livestock
ranger n. an official who is responsible for managing and protecting an area of forest; a member of a military unit trained as shock troops for hit-and-run raids
ranging adj. wandering freely: at night in bed...his slowly ranging thoughts...encountered her
rangpur n. hybrid between mandarin orange and lemon having very acid fruit with orange peel
rangy adj. tall and thin and having long slender limbs; adapted to wandering or roaming; allowing ample room for ranging
rani n. (the feminine of raja) a Hindu princess or the wife of a raja
ranid n. insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs
ranitidine n. a drug (trade name Zantac) used to treat peptic ulcers and gastritis and esophageal reflux
rank n. a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another@v. take or have a position relative to others; assign a rank or rating to@adj. very fertile; producing profuse growth; rank earth
ranked adj. arranged in a sequence of grades or ranks
ranker n. (British) a commissioned officer who has been promoted from enlisted status; (British) an enlisted soldier
ranking n. position on a scale in relation to others in a sport@adj. of the highest rank; used of persons; having a higher rank
rankle v. gnaw into; make resentful or angry
rankness n. the attribute of having a strong offensive smell
ransack v. steal goods; take as spoils; search thoroughly
ransacked adj. wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value
ransacking n. a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion)
ransom n. money demanded for the return of a captured person; payment for the release of someone; the act of freeing from captivity or punishment@v. exchange or buy back for money; under threat
ransomed adj. (Christianity) saved from the bondage of sin; reclaimed by payment of a ransom
rant v. talk in a noisy, excited, or declamatory manner@n. bombastic declamation; pompous or pretentious talk or writing
ranter n. someone who rants and raves; speaks in a violent or loud manner
ranting n. bombastic declamation
rap v. strike sharply; rap him on the knuckles; make light, repeated taps on a surface; perform rap music@n. a reproach for some lapse or misdeed; it was a bum rap; a gentle blow; the sound made by a gentle blow; (informal) voluble conversation
rapacious adj. living by preying on other animals especially by catching living prey; the rapacious wolf; excessively greedy and grasping; a rapacious divorcee on the prowl; devouring or craving food in great quantities; a rapacious appetite
rapaciously adv. in a rapacious manner
rapaciousness n. extreme gluttony
rapacity n. extreme gluttony; reprehensible acquisitiveness; insatiable desire for wealth (personified as one of the deadly sins)
rape n. Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop; the act of despoiling a country in warfare; the crime of forcing a woman to submit to sexual intercourse against her will@v. assault sexually; force to have sex
raped adj. having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence; the raped countryside; sexually abused
raper n. someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
rapeseed n. seed of rape plants; source of an edible oil
raphia n. leaf fibers of the raffia palm tree; used to make baskets and mats etc.
rapid n. a part of a river where the current is very fast@adj. done or occurring in a brief period of time; a rapid rise through the ranks; characterized by speed; moving with or capable of moving with high speed; a rapid movment
rapidity n. a rate that is rapid
rapidly adv. with rapid movements
rapier n. a straight sword with a narrow blade and two edges
rapine n. the act of despoiling a country in warfare
rapist n. someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
rappel v. lower oneself with a rope from a mountainside
rapport n. relation of mutual understanding or trust between people; a feeling of sympathetic understanding; sympathetic compatibility
rapprochement n. the reestablishing of cordial relations
rapscallion n. a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel; one who is playfully mischievous
rapt adj. deeply moved; listened with rapt admiration; wholly absorbed as in thought; that engrossed look or rapt delight
raptor n. any of numerous carnivorous birds that hunt and kill other animals
raptorial adj. relating to or characteristic of birds of prey; raptorial claws and bill for seizing prey; living by preying on other animals especially by catching living prey; raptorial birds
rapture n. a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion
rapturous adj. feeling great rapture or delight
rapturously adv. in an ecstatic manner
rare adj. not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness; a rare word; recurring only at long intervals; a rare appearance; not widely distributed; rare herbs; having low density; rare gasses
rarebit n. cheese melted with ale or beer served over toast
rarefaction n. a decrease in the density of something
rarefied adj. having low density; lightheaded from the rarefied mountain air; reserved for an eleite group; of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style
rarefy v. make more subtle or refined; weaken the consistency of (a chemical substance)
rarely adv. not often; we rarely met
rareness n. noteworthy scarcity
rarified adj. having low density; reserved for an eleite group; of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style
rarify v. make more complex, intricate, or richer
raring adj. (usually followed by `to') full of eagerness; raring to go
rarity n. noteworthy scarcity; a rarified quality; something unusual -- perhaps worthy of collecting
rascal n. a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel; one who is playfully mischievous
rascality n. the trait of indulging in disreputable pranks; the quality of being a slippery rascal; reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others
rascally adj. playful in an appealingly bold way; lacking principles or scruples; the rascally rabble; _ W.M. Thackaray
rase v. tear down so as to make flat with the ground
rash adj. imprudently incurring risk; marked by unthinking boldness; with defiant disregard for danger or consequences; a rash attempt to climb the World Trade Center@n. any eruption of the skin; a series of unexpected unpleasant occurrences
rasher n. commercially important fish of the North American Pacific coast
rashly adv. in a hasty and foolhardy manner
rashness n. the trait of acting rashly and without prudence; the trait of giving little thought to danger
rasp v. scrape with a rasp; utter in a grating voice@n. uttering in an irritated tone; a coarse file with sharp pointed projections
raspberry n. woody brambles bearing usually red but sometimes black or yellow fruits that separate from the receptacle when ripe and are rounder and smaller than blackberries
rasping n. uttering in an irritated tone@adj. unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound
raspingly adv. in a harsh and grating manner
raspy adj. unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound
rassling n. the sport of hand-to-hand struggle between unarmed contestants who try to throw each other down
raster n. the set of horizontal lines composed of pixels, used to form an image on a CRT screen
rat v. desert one's party or group of friends, for example, for one's personal advantage; employ scabs or strike breakers in (an industry)@n. any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
ratability n. (British) the state of being liable to assessment or taxation; the quality of being capable of being rated or estimated
ratable adj. (British) liable to payment of rates or taxes; the ratable value of property
ratables n. (British) property that provides tax income for local governments
ratafee n. sweet liqueur made from wine and brandy flavored with plum or peach or apricot kernels and bitter almonds
ratafia n. sweet liqueur made from wine and brandy flavored with plum or peach or apricot kernels and bitter almonds; macaroon flavored with ratafia liqueur
ratan n. a switch made from the stems of the rattan palms
ratch n. a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction
ratchet n. a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction@v. move by degrees in one direction only, as of toothed wheels
rate v. assign a rank or rating to; be worthy of or have a certain rating@n. amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; a 10-minute phone call at that rate would cost $5; a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit
rateability n. (British) the state of being liable to assessment or taxation
rateable adj. (British) liable to payment of rates or taxes
rateables n. (British) property that provides tax income for local governments
ratel n. nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia
ratepayer n. someone who pays taxes
rather adv. on the contrary; rather than disappoint the children, he did two quick tricks before he left; to some (great or small) extent; it was rather cold; more readily or willingly; I'd rather be in Philadelphia
rathole n. a hole (as in the wall of a building) made by rats; a small dirty uncomfortable room
ratification n. making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it; the ratification of the treaty
ratified adj. formally approved and invested with legal authority
ratifier n. someone who expresses strong approval
ratify v. write one's name in token of assent, responsibility, or obligation
rating n. an appraisal of the value of something; act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of; standing or position on a scale; rank in a military organization
ratio n. the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)
ratiocination n. logical and methodical reasoning
ratiocinative adj. based on exact thinking; one's ratiocinative powers
ratiocinator n. someone who reasons logically
ration v. restrict the consumption of a relatively scarce commodity, as during war; distribute in rations, as in the army@n. the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel); a fixed portion alloted (especially in times of scarcity)
rational adj. consistent with or based on or using reason; rational behavior; associated with or requiring the use of the mind; the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man
rationale n. an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature
rationalisation n. a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening; the cognitive process of making something seem consistent with or based on reason
rationalism n. the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience; the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
rationalist n. someone who emphasizes observable facts and excludes metaphysical speculation about origins or ultimate causes@adj. of or relating to or characteristic of rationalism; rationalist philosophy
rationalistic adj. of or relating to the philosophical doctrine of rationalism
rationality n. the state of having good sense and sound judgment; his rationality may have been impaired; the quality of being consistent with or based on logic
rationalization n. the cognitive process of making something seem consistent with or based on reason; a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening
rationalize v. make excuses for; weed out unwanted or unnecessary things
rationally adv. in a rational manner; we must act rationally
rationalness n. the quality of being consistent with or based on logic
rationed adj. distributed equitably in limited individual portions; got along as best we could on rationed meat and sugar
rationing n. the act of rationing
ratite n. flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches; cassowaries; emus; moas; rheas; kiwis; elephant birds
ratlike adj. reembling or characteristic of a rat
ratlin n. a small horizontal rope between the shrouds of a sailing ship; they form a ladder for climbing aloft
ratline n. a small horizontal rope between the shrouds of a sailing ship; they form a ladder for climbing aloft
rattail n. deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail
rattan n. climbing palm of Sri Lanka and southern India remarkable for the great length of the stems which are used for Malacca canes
ratter n. any of several breeds of terrier developed to catch rats
ratting n. to furnish incriminating evidence to an officer of the law (usually in return for favors)
rattle n. a rapid series of short loud sounds@v. make short successive sounds; shake and cause to make a rattling noise
rattlebox n. any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops
rattlebrained adj. lacking sense or discretion; his rattlebrained crackpot ideas
rattled adj. thrown into a state of agitated confusion; (`rattled' is an informal term)
rattlepated adj. lacking sense or discretion
rattler n. pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken; a railroad train consisting of freight cars
rattlesnake n. pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken
rattletop n. North American bugbane found from Main and Ontario to Wisconsin and south to Georgia
rattletrap n. something rickety and full of rattles; especially an old car
rattling adv. intensifiers; (`real' is sometimes used informally for `really' as in@n. a rapid series of short loud sounds@adj. extraordinarily good; used especially as intensifiers; had a rattling conversation about politics; quick and energetic
rattrap n. a difficult entangling situation; a filthy run-down dilapidated place; a trap for catching rats
ratty adj. showing signs of wear and tear; a ratty old overcoat
raucous adj. unpleasantly loud and harsh; disturbing the public peace; loud and rough; a raucous party
raucously adv. with a raucous sound; his voice rang raucously; in a rowdy manner
rauvolfia n. any shrub or small tree of the genus Rauwolfia having leaves in whorls and cymose flowers; yield substances used medicinally especially as emetics or purgatives
rauwolfia n. any shrub or small tree of the genus Rauwolfia having leaves in whorls and cymose flowers; yield substances used medicinally especially as emetics or purgatives
ravage n. (usually plural) a destructive action@v. make a pillaging or destructive raid on (a place), as in wartimes; devastate or ravage
ravaged adj. having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence; made uninhabitable
ravaging n. plundering with excessive damage and destruction@adj. ruinously destructive and wasting; a ravaging illness
rave v. talk in a noisy, excited, or declamatory manner; praise enthusiastically@n. declaiming wildly
ravehook n. a hooked tool used to prepare the seams of a boat for oakum
ravel v. disentangle; can you unravel the mystery? unravel the ball or yarn; tangle or complicate@n. a row of unravelled stitches
raveling n. a bit of fiber that has become separated from woven fabric
ravelling n. a bit of fiber that has become separated from woven fabric
raven v. obtain or seize by violence; prey on or hunt for; eat greedily; feed greedily@n. large black bird with a straight bill and long wedge-shaped tail
ravenala n. giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers
ravening adj. living by preying on other animals especially by catching living prey; ravening wolves; excessively greedy and grasping; ravening creditors; devouring or craving food in great quantities
ravenous adj. extremely hungry; a ravenous boy; devouring or craving food in great quantities; ravenous as wolves
ravenously adv. in the manner of someone who is very hungry
ravenousness n. excessive desire to eat
raver n. someone who rants and raves; speaks in a violent or loud manner
ravigote n. veloute sauce seasoned with herbs and shallots and capers
ravine n. a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)
raving adj. talking or behaving irrationally; a raving lunatic@adv. in a raving manner; raving mad@n. declaiming wildly
ravingly adv. in a raving manner
ravioli n. small circular or square cases of dough with savory fillings
ravish v. assault sexually; force to have sex; hold spellbound
ravisher n. someone who assaults others sexually
ravishing adj. stunningly beautiful; a ravishing blonde
ravishingly adv. in a ravishing manner or to a ravishing degree; she was ravishingly beautiful
ravishment n. a feeling of delight at being filled with wonder and enchantment; the crime of forcing a woman to submit to sexual intercourse against her will
raw adj. (used especially of commodities) in the natural unprocessed condition; raw wool; having the surface exposed and painful; a raw wound; not treated with heat to prepare it for eating; not processed or refined; raw sewage@n. informal
rawboned adj. having a lean and bony physique; a rawboned cow hand
rawhide n. untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes
ray n. a column of light (as from a beacon); a branch of an umbel or an umbelliform inflorescence; (mathematics) a straight line extending from a point@v. emit as rays; extend like the radii of a circle; expose to radiation
rayon n. a synthetic silklike fabric
rayons n. women's stocking made from a sheer material (nylon or rayon or silk)
raze v. tear down so as to make flat with the ground
razed adj. torn down and broken up
razing n. the event of a structure being completely demolished and leveled; complete destruction of a building
razmataz n. any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent
razor v. shave with a razor@n. used in shaving
razorback n. thin-bodied mongrel hog of southeastern United States that is a wild or semi-wild descendant of improved breeds@adj. having a sharp narrow back; razorback hogs
razorbill n. black-and-white North Atlantic auk having a compressed sharp-edged bill
razorblade n. a blade that has very sharp edge
razorfish n. any of several small wrasses with compressed sharp-edged heads of the West Indies and Mediterranean
razz n. raspberry 2; razz v. ridicule, tease
razzing n. a cry or noise made to express displeasure or contempt
razzle n. any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent
razzmatazz n. any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent
rbi n. a run that is the result of the batter's performance; he had more than 100 rbi last season
re n. the syllable naming the second (supertonic) note of any major scale in solmization
reach v. reach a destination, either real or abstract; reach a point in time, or a certain state or level@n. the limits within which something can be effective; an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control:
reachable adj. easily approached
reaching n. the act of physically reaching or thrusting out; accomplishment of an objective
reacquaint v. acquaint anew
react v. show a response or a reaction to something; act against or in opposition to; undergo a chemical reaction; react with another substance under certain conditions; The hydrogen and the oxygen react
reactance n. opposition to the flow of electric current resulting from inductance and capacitance (rather than resistance)
reactant n. a chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction
reaction n. a response that reveals a person's feelings or attitude; he was pleased by the audience's reaction to his performance; a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some foregoing stimulus or agent; a bad reaction to the medicine
reactionary adj. extremely conservative@n. an extreme conservative; an opponent of progress or liberalism
reactionism n. the political orientation of reactionaries
reactionist adj. extremely conservative
reactivate v. activate anew; as of an old file
reactive adj. (chemistry and physics) participating readily in reactions; sodium is a reactive metal; tending to react to a stimulus
reactivity n. responsive to stimulation; ready susceptibility to chemical change
reactor n. an electrical circuit element used to introduce reactance into the circuit; (physics) any of several devices that maintain and control a nuclear reaction for the production of energy or artificial elements
read adj. having been read; often used in combination@n. something that is read; the article was a very good read@v. interpret something that is written or printed; read the advertisement; have or contain a certain wording or form
readability n. written language that is readily intelligible; writing (print or handwriting) that can be easily read
readable adj. easily deciphered
readably adv. in a legible manner
readapt v. adapt anew; adjust anew
reader n. a person who enjoys reading; someone who contracts to receive and pay for a certain number of issues of a publication; a person who can read; a literate person; a public lecturer at certain universities
readership n. the audience reached by written communications (books or magazines or newspapers etc.)
readily adv. without much difficulty; these snakes can be identified readily
readiness n. the state of being ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action); putting them in readiness; prompt willingness: readiness to continue discussions; (psychology) a temporary readiness to respond in a particular way
reading n. the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message; he enjoys reading books; a particular interpretation or performance; on that reading it was an insult
readjust v. adjust anew; After moving back to America, he had to readjust; adjust again after an initial failure
readjustment n. the act of adjusting again (to changed circumstances); the act of adjusting something to match a standard
readmission n. the act of admitting someone again; the surgery was performed on his readmission to the clinic
readmit v. admit anew; admit again or anew
ready n. poised for action@adj. completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress; get ready; (of especially money) immediately available; he seems to have ample ready money@v. prepare for eating by applying heat
readying n. the activity of preparing
reaffiliation n. affiliation anew
reaffirm v. affirm once again
reagent n. a chemical agent for use in chemical reactions
real adj. being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory; real objects; no less than what is stated; worthy of the name; the real reason@adv. intensifiers@n. any rational or irrational number
realgar n. a rare soft orange mineral consisting of arsenic sulphide; an important ore of arsenic
realign v. align anew or better
realine v. align anew or better
realisation n. coming to understand something by thinking about it; making real or giving the appearance of reality; something that is realized
realism n. art and literature that represents events and social conditions as they actually are (without idealization); the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth; the state of being actual or real
realist n. a philosopher who believes that universals are real and exist independently of anyone thinking of them; a painter who represents the world realistically and not in an idealized or romantic style
realistic adj. aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are; a realistic description; representing what is real; not abstract or ideal; realistic portraiture
realistically adv. in a realistic manner; let's look at the situation realistically; in a realistic manner; the figure was realistically painted
reality n. all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you; for them demons were as much a part of reality as trees were; the state of being actual or real: the reality of his situation slowly dawned on him
realizable adj. capable of being realized; realizable benefits of the plan; capable of existing or taking place or proving true
realization n. coming to understand something by thinking about it; a growing realization of the risk involved; making real or giving the appearance of reality; something that is realized; the victory was the realization of a whole year's work
realize v. be fully aware or cognizant of; perceive mentally, as of an idea; make real or concrete; give reality to; earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages; convert into cash; of goods and property
realized adj. successfully completed or brought to an end; the joy of a realized ambition overcame him
reallocate v. allocate,distribute, or apportion anew
reallocation n. a share that has been allocated again; a new apportionment (especially a reallotment of US congressional seats on the basis of census results)
reallotment n. a new apportionment (especially a reallotment of US congressional seats on the basis of census results)
really adv. in accordance with truth or fact or reality; they don't really listen to us; in actual fact
realm n. a domain in which something is dominant; the rise of the realm of cotton in the south; the domain ruled by a king or queen; a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about; the realm of the occult
realness n. the state of being actual or real
realtor n. a person who is authorized to act as an agent for the sale of land; in England they call a realtor a land agent
realty n. property consisting of houses and land
ream n. a large quantity of written matter; a quantity of paper; 480 or 500 sheets; one ream equals 20 quires
reamer n. a utensil with a conical ridged center that is used for squeezing juice from citrus fruit; a tool that is used to shape or enlarge holes
reanimate v. give new life or energy to
reanimated adj. given fresh life or vigor or spirit
reap v. gather, as of as crops; get or derive
reaper n. someone who helps to gather the harvest
reappear v. appear again
reappearance n. appearing again; the act of appearing again
reapportion v. allocate,distribute, or apportion anew
reapportioning n. a new apportionment (especially a reallotment of US congressional seats on the basis of census results)
reapportionment n. a new apportionment (especially a reallotment of US congressional seats on the basis of census results)
reappraisal n. a new appraisal or evaluation
rear adj. located in or toward the back or rear@v. as of quadrupeds; bring up; rise up; cause to rise up; construct, build, or erect@n. the back of a military formation or procession; infantrymen were in the rear
rearguard n. a detachment assigned to protect the rear of a (retreating) military body
rearing adj. (heraldry) rearing on left hind leg with forelegs elevated and head usually in profile@n. the properties acquired as a consequence of the way you were treated as a child; raising someone to be an accepted member of the community
rearm v. arm again; arm anew; After the war, the defeated country was not allowed to rearm
rearmament n. the act of arming again; he opposed the rearmament of Japan after World War II
rearmost adj. located farthest to the rear
rearrange v. put into a new order; Please rearrange these files
rearrangement n. changing an arrangement
rearward n. direction toward the rear@adv. at or to or toward or the back or rear; she looked rearward out the window of the car@adj. directed or moving toward the rear; a rearward glance; located in or toward the back or rear
rearwards adv. at or to or toward or the back or rear
reason n. a rational motive for a belief or action; the reason that war was declared; an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon@v. decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; present reasons and arguments
reasonable adj. showing reason or sound judgment; not excessive or extreme; reasonable prices; marked by sound judgment
reasonableness n. the state of having good sense and sound judgment; goodness of reason and judgment; the judiciary is built on the reasonableness of judges
reasonably adv. to a moderately sufficient extent or degree; the shoes are priced reasonably; with good sense or in a reasonable or intelligent manner; acted quite reasonably
reasoned adj. reflects weight of sound argument or evidence; resulting from careful thought
reasoner n. someone who reasons logically
reasoning n. thinking that is coherent and logical@adj. endowed with the capacity to reason
reasonless adj. not marked by the use of reason; reasonless hostility; not endowed with the capacity to reason; a reasonless brute; having no justifying cause or reason; an apparently arbitrary and reasonless change
reassail v. assail again
reassemble v. assemble once again, after taking something apart
reassembly n. assembling again
reassert v. strengthen or make more firm
reassess v. revise or renew one's assessment
reassessment n. a new appraisal or evaluation
reassign v. transfer somebody to a different position or location of work
reassignment n. assignment to a different duty
reassurance n. the act of reassuring; restoring someone's confidence
reassure v. cause to feel sure; give reassurance to; give or restore confidence in; cause to feel sure or certain
reassured adj. having confidence restored; freed from anxiety; reassured by her praise he pressed on
reassuring adj. restoring confidence and relieving anxiety; a very reassuring remark
reassuringly adv. in a reassuring manner; the prime minister pointed reassuringly to the silence of the British press
reattribute v. attribute to another source
reave v. steal goods; take as spoils
reawaken v. awaken once again
rebarbative adj. serving or tending to repel; he became rebarbative and prickly and spiteful
rebate n. a refund of some fraction of the amount paid; a rectangular groove made to hold two pieces together@v. give a rebate; as of timber or stone; join with a rebate, as of pieces of timber or stone
rebato n. a wired or starched collar of intricate lace; worn in 17th century
rebel adj. used by northerners of Confederate soldiers; the rebel yell@n. a person who takes part in a rebellion in the hope of improving conditions; someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action@v. take part in a rebellion
rebelling adj. participating in organized resistance to a constituted government; the rebelling confederacy
rebellion n. refusal to accept some authority or code or convention; each generation must have its own rebellion; organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another
rebellious adj. resisting control or authority; temperamentally rebellious; discontented as toward authority; participating in organized resistance to a constituted government
rebelliously adv. in a rebellious manner; he rejected her words rebelliously
rebelliousness n. intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude; an insubordinate act
rebind v. provide with a new binding, as of books
rebirth n. after death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human of animal body; a second or new birth; the revival of learning and culture; a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life
reboot v. cause to load (an operating system) and start the initial processes
reborn adj. spiritually reborn or converted
rebound v. spring back; spring away from an impact; return to a former condition@n. a movement back from an impact; a reaction to a crisis or setback or frustration; he is still on the rebound from his wife's death
rebroadcast v. broadcast again, as of a film
rebuff v. reject outright and bluntly; force or drive back@n. a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval); an instance of driving away or warding off
rebuild v. build again; The house was rebuild after it was hit by a bomb
rebuilding n. building again
rebuilt adj. made over usually with changes; the rebuilt pier spoiled our view
rebuke n. an expression of criticism and censure; he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face@v. censure severely or angrily; is archaic
rebuked adj. punished especially by reproof or reprimand
rebukingly adv. in the manner of someone delivering a rebuke
reburial n. the act of burying again
reburying n. the act of burying again
rebus n. a puzzle where you decode a message consisting of pictures representing syllables and words
rebut v. overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof; prove to be false or incorrect
rebuttal n. the act of refuting by offering a contrary contention or argument; a pleading by the defendant in reply to a plaintiff's surrejoinder
rebutter n. a pleading by the defendant in reply to a plaintiff's surrejoinder
recalcitrance n. the trait of being unmanageable
recalcitrancy n. the trait of being unmanageable
recalcitrant adj. marked by stubborn resistance to and defiant of authority or guidance; a recalcitrant teenager; marked by stubborn resistance to authority; the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstraters
recalculate v. calculate anew
recall v. recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection; go back to something earlier; call to mind; summon to return@n. the ability to recall past occurrences
recant v. reject
recantation n. a disavowal of a previous assertion
recap v. summarize briefly@n. a summary that repeats the substance of a longer discussion; an automobile tire that has been retreaded
recapitulate v. summarize briefly; Let's recapitulate the main ideas; repeat an earlier theme of a musical composition
recapitulation n. emergence during embryonic development of various characters or structures that appeared during the evolutionary history of the strain or species; a summary that repeats the substance of a longer discussion
recapture n. a legal seizure by the government of profits beyond a fixed amount@v. experience anew: She could not recapture that feeling of happiness; capture anew; take back by force, as after a battle
recast v. cast again, in a different role: He was recast as Iago; cast again: The bell cracked and had to be recast; cast or model anew; She had to recast her image to please the electorate in her home state
recasting n. changing a particular word or phrase
recce n. reconnaissance (by shortening)
recco n. reconnaissance (by shortening)
reccy n. reconnaissance (by shortening)
recede v. pull back or move away or backward; move back and away from; retreat
receding adj. moving toward a position farther from the front; the receding glaciers of the last ice age; that are flowing away; the receding waters left muddy devastation; (of a hairline e.g.) moving slowly back@n. a slow or gradual disappearance
receipt n. the act of receiving; an acknowledgment (usually tangible) that payment has been made@v. acknowledge the receipt of; mark or stamp as paid
receipts n. the entire amount of income before any deductions are made
receivable adj. awaiting payment; accounts receivable
receivables n. money that you currently expect to receive from notes or accounts
receive v. get something; come into possession of; receive payment; receive a specified treatment (abstract); These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation
received adj. (linguistics) conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers; (American); received standard English is sometimes called the King's English (British); widely accepted as true or worthy; a received moral idea
receiver n. equipment that receives radio or tv signals; a person (usually appointed by a court of law) who liquidates assets or preserves them for the benefit of affected parties; converts electrical signals into sounds; a person who gets something
receivership n. the state of property that is in the hands of a receiver; the business is in receivership; a court action that places property under the control of a receiver during litigation so that it can be preserved for the benefit of all
receiving n. the act of receiving
recency n. a time immediately before the present; the property of having happened or appeared not long ago
recent adj. being new in a time not long past; recent graduates; of the immediate past or just previous to the present time; his recent trip to Africa; near to or not long before the present; recent times
recently adv. in the recent past; he was in Paris recently; very recently
recentness n. a time immediately before the present; the property of having happened or appeared not long ago
receptacle n. a container that is used to put or keep things in; enlarged tip of a stem that bears the floral parts; an electrical (or electronic) fitting that is connected to a source of power and equipped to receive an insert
reception n. the manner in which something is greeted; she did not expect the cold reception she received from her superiors; a formal party of people; as after a wedding; quality or fidelity of a received broadcast; the act of receiving
receptionist n. a secretary whose main duty is to answer the telephone and receive visitors
receptive adj. open to arguments, ideas, or change; receptive to reason and the logic of facts; ready or willing to receive favorably; receptive to the proposals
receptively adv. in a receptive manner
receptiveness n. willingness or readiness to receive esp impressions or ideas
receptivity n. willingness or readiness to receive esp impressions or ideas: their receptivity to the proposal
receptor n. an organ that responds to stimulation
recess v. put into a recess; recess lights; make a recess in; recess the piece of wood@n. a state of abeyance or suspended business; a small concavity; a small arm off of a larger body of water (often between rocky headlands)
recessed adj. having a sunken area; resembling an alcove
recession n. the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year; a small concavity; the act of ceding back; a act of becoming more distant
recessional n. a hymn that is sung at the end of a service as the clergy and choir withdraw@adj. of or relating to receding
recessive adj. of genes; producing its characteristic phenotype only when its allele is identical
recharge v. load anew with ammunition,; charge anew; recharge a battery
rechargeable adj. capable of being recharged; a rechargeable battery
rechauffe n. warmed leftovers
recherche adj. lavishly elegant and refined
recidivate v. go back to bad behavior; Those who recidivate are often minor criminals
recidivism n. a failure to maintain a higher state
recidivist n. someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior); someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior
recipe n. directions for making something
recipient n. a person who gets something
reciprocal n. (math) one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2; the inverse of 7 is 1/7@adj. concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return; reciprocal aid
reciprocality n. a relation of mutual dependence or action or influence
reciprocally adv. (often followed by `for') in exchange or in reciprocation; in a mutual or shared manner; the goals of the negotiators were not reciprocally exclusive; in an inverse or contrary manner
reciprocate v. act, feel, or give in return; We always invite the neighbors and they never reciprocate!
reciprocating adj. moving alternately backward and forward
reciprocation n. the act of reciprocating; alternating back-and-forth movement; mutual interaction; the activity of interchanging or reciprocating
reciprocative adj. given or done or owed to each other
reciprocatory adj. moving alternately backward and forward
reciprocity n. a relation of mutual dependence or action or influence; mutual exchange of commercial or other privileges
recission n. cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made
recital n. an account describing incidents or events; performance of music or dance especially by soloists; a public instance of reciting or repeating something prepared
recitalist n. a musician who gives recitals
recitation n. a public instance of reciting or repeating something prepared; an instance of a student reciting a lesson that has been learned
recitative n. a vocal passage of narrative text that a singer delivers with natural rhythms of speech
recite v. recite in elocution; repeat aloud from memory; render verbally, recite a poem; narrate or give a detailed account of
reckless adj. marked by unthinking boldness; with defiant disregard for danger or consequences; a reckless driver; characterized by careless unconcerned; reckless squandering of public funds
recklessly adv. in a reckless manner
recklessness n. the trait of giving little thought to danger
reckon v. expect, believe, or suppose; judge to be probable; consider or deem to be; regard; make a mathematical calculation or computation; take account of; You have to reckon with our opponents
reckoner n. an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
reckoning n. problem solving that involves numbers or quantities; a bill for an amount due; the act of counting
reclaim v. claim back; of materials from waste products; make useful again; transform from a useless or uncultivated state
reclaimable adj. possible to use again
reclaimed adj. delivered from danger
reclamation n. the conversion of waste land into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation; rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course
reclassify v. classify anew, change the previous classification; The zoologists had to reclassify the mollusks after they found new species
recline v. move the upper body backwards and down; lie in a comfortable resting position
recliner n. an armchair whose back can be lowered and foot can be raised to allow the sitter to recline in it
reclining adj. lying down; in a position of comfort or rest@n. the act of assuming or maintaining a reclining position
recluse n. one who lives in solitude@adj. withdrawn from society; seeking solitude
reclusive adj. withdrawn from society; seeking solitude; lived an unsocial reclusive life; providing privacy or seclusion; sitting under the reclusive calm of a shade tree
reclusiveness n. preference for seclusion or isolation
recoding n. converting from one code to another
recognisable adj. possible to recognize
recognisance n. (law) a security entered into before a court with a condition to perform some act required by law; on failure to perform that act a sum is forfeited
recognition n. the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged; the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering; approval; give her recognition for trying; coming to understand something by thinking about it
recognizable adj. easily perceived; easy to become aware of; this situation produces recognizable stress symptoms; possible to recognize
recognizably adv. to a recognizable degree; he was recognizably slimmer now
recognizance n. (law) a security entered into before a court with a condition to perform some act required by law; on failure to perform that act a sum is forfeited
recognize v. discern; be fully aware or cognizant of; detect with the senses; perceive to be the same; grant credentials to; as of educational institutions; express greetings upon meeting someone; express obligation for
recognized adj. generally approved or compelling recognition; his recognized superiority in this kind of work; provided with a secure reputation; a recognized authority
recoil v. draw back, as with fear; spring back; spring away from an impact; spring back, as from a forceful thrust@n. the backward jerk of a gun when it is fired; a movement back from an impact
recoilless adj. of or being a weapon that is designed to minimize recoil
recollect v. recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection
recollection n. the ability to recall past occurrences; something recalled to the mind
recollective adj. tending to acquire and retain ideas or information
recombine v. undergo genetic recombination; cause genetic recombination
recommencement n. beginning again
recommend v. push for something; express a good opinion of
recommendation n. something (as a course of action) that is recommended; something that recommends (or expresses commendation)
recommended adj. mentioned as worthy of acceptance; the recommended medicine
recommit v. commit once again, as of a crime; commit again; send back to a committee, of a bill
recompense v. make amends for; pay compensation for; make proper payment to@n. payment or reward (as for service rendered); the act of compensating for loss or injury
reconcilable adj. capable of being reconciled; her way of thinking is reconcilable with mine
reconcile v. make compatible with; bring into consonance or accord; come to terms; accept as inevitable
reconciled adj. (followed by `to') no longer opposed; after a time she became reconciled even to diplomatic receptions; made compatible or consistent
reconciler n. someone who tries to bring peace
reconciliation n. the reestablishing of cordial relations; getting two things to correspond; the reconciliation of his checkbook and the bank statement
reconciling adj. tending to reconcile or accommodate; bringing into harmony
recondite adj. difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge; some recondite problem in historiography
reconditeness n. wisdom that is recondite and abstruse and profound; the anthropologist was impressed by the reconditeness of the native proverbs; the quality of being unclear or abstruse and hard to understand
recondition v. bring into an improved condition
reconditioned adj. mended or put in working order; a reconditioned sewing machine
reconfirm v. confirm again: You must reconfirm your flight reservations
reconnaissance n. the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)
reconnoiter v. get the lay of the land
reconnoitering n. exploring in order to gain information
reconnoitre v. get the lay of the land
reconsecrate v. consecrate anew, as after a desecration
reconsider v. consider again; give new consideration to: Won't you reconsider your decision?
reconsideration n. a consideration of a topic (as in a meeting) with a view to changing an earlier decision; thinking again about a choice previously made
reconstitute v. to constitute again; to restore to former condition by adding water; reconstitute powdered milk
reconstruct v. of past events; build again; cause somebody to adapt or reform socially or politically; do over, as of (part of) a house
reconstructed adj. adapted to social or economic change; a reconstructed feminist
reconstruction n. the activity of constructing something again; an interpretation formed by piecing together bits of evidence; recall via mental reconstruction
reconstructive adj. helping to restore to good condition; reconstructive surgery
reconvene v. meet again
reconvert v. convert back
reconvict v. convict anew
recopy v. copy again
record adj. best of its kind on record@v. make a record of; set down in permanent form; register electronically@n. anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events
recordbook n. a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone
recorded adj. set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction; recorded music; made a matter of official record; a properly recorded deed to the property
recorder n. equipment for making records; someone responsible for keeping records; (British) a barrister or solicitor who serves as part-time judge in towns or boroughs; a woodwind with a vertical pipe and 8 finger holes and a whistle mouthpiece
recording n. something (e.g., picture or sound) that has been recorded; the act of making a record (especially an audio record); a storage device on which information (sounds or images) have been recorded
recount v. narrate or give a detailed account of@n. an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election
recounting n. an act of narration; his endless recounting of the incident eventually became unbearable
recoup v. reimburse or compensate (someone), as for a loss; make up for or make good; retain and refrain from disbursing; of payments
recourse n. act of turning to for assistance: have recourse to the courts; something or someone turned to for assistance or security: his only recourse was the police
recover v. get or find back; recover the use of; get over an illness or shock; regain a former condition; We expect the stocks to recover to $2.90; make up for or make good; of materials from waste products; cover anew; recover a chair
recoverable adj. capable of being recovered or regained; recoverable truth of a past event
recovered adj. freed from illness or injury; appears to be entirely recovered; found after being lost
recoverer n. someone who saves something from danger or violence
recovering adj. returning to health after illness or debility
recovery n. return to an original state; the recovery of the forest after the fire was surprisingly rapid; gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury; the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost)
recreant adj. having deserted a cause or principle; some provinces had proved recreant; lacking even the rudiments of courage; abjectly fearful@n. an abject coward; a disloyal person who forsakes his cause or religion or political party or friend etc.
recreate v. give new life or energy to; engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion; The students all recreate alike; give encouragement to
recreation n. an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates
recreational adj. of or relating to recreation; a recreational area with a pool and ball fields; engaged in as a pastime; recreational golfers
recriminate v. return an accusation against someone or engage in mutual accusations; charge in return
recrimination n. mutual accusations
recriminative adj. countering one charge with another
recriminatory adj. countering one charge with another; recriminatory arguments
recrudescence n. a return of something after a period of abatement; a recrudescence of racism
recruit n. a recently enlisted soldier; any new member or supporter (as in the armed forces)@v. register formally; as a participant or member; seek to employ; cause to assemble or enlist
recruiter n. someone who gives advice about employment
recruitment n. the act of getting recruits; enlisting people for the army (or for a job or a cause etc.)
rectal adj. of or involving the rectum; rectal cancer
rectangle n. a parallelogram with four right angles
rectangular adj. having four right angles; a rectangular figure twice as long as it is wide; having a set of mutually perpendicular axes; meeting at right angles; a rectangular Cartesian coordinate system
rectangularity n. the property of being shaped like a rectangle
rectifiable adj. capable of being repaired or rectified; rectifiable wrongs
rectification n. the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake
rectified adj. having been put right
rectifier n. transforms alternating into direct current
rectify v. set straight or right
rectilineal adj. characterized by a straight line or lines
rectilinear adj. characterized by a straight line or lines; rectilinear patterns in wallpaper
rectitude n. uprightness as a consequence of being honorable and honest
recto n. right-hand page
rector n. a person authorized to conduct religious worship
rectory n. an official residence provided by a church for its parson or vicar or rector
rectum n. the terminal section of the alimentary canal; from the sigmoid flexure to the anus
rectus n. any of various straight muscles
recumbent adj. lying down; in a position of comfort or rest
recuperate v. get over an illness or shock
recuperation n. gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury
recuperative adj. promoting recuperation; recuperative powers
recur v. happen or occur again; return in thought or speech to something; have recourse to
recurrence n. happening again (especially at regular intervals)
recurrent adj. recurring again and again
recurrently adv. in a recurrent manner
recursion n. (mathematics) an expression such that each term is generated by repeating a particular mathematical operation
recursive adj. of or relating to a recursion
recurvate adj. curved backward or inward
recurve v. curve or bend (something) back or down
recurved adj. curved backward or inward
recusal n. the disqualification of a judge or jury by reason of prejudice or conflict of interest; a judge can be recused by objections of either party or they can disqualify themselves
recusancy n. refusal to submit to established authority; originally the refusal of Roman Catholics to attend services of the Church of England
recusant adj. (of Catholics formerly) refusing to attend services of the Church of England; refusing to submit to authority@n. someone who refuses to conform to established standards of conduct
recusation n. the disqualification of a judge or jury by reason of prejudice or conflict of interest; a judge can be recused by objections of either party or they can disqualify themselves
recuse v. disqualify oneself (as a judge, for example) in a particular case; challenge or except to a judge as being incompetent or interested, in canon and civil law
recyclable adj. possible to use again
recycle v. cause to repeat a cycle; use again after processing; We must recycle the cardboard boxes
recycling n. the act of processing used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products
red n. the quality or state of the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood@adj. having any of numerous bright or strong colors reminiscent of the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies; (used of hair or fur) of a reddish brown color
redact v. formulate in a particular style or language; make editorial changes (in a text)
redaction n. putting something (as a literary work) into publishable form; the act of putting something in writing
redactor n. someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication
redbelly n. freshwater turtle of Chesapeake bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell
redberry n. small spiny evergreen shrub of western United States and Mexico with minute flowers and bright red berries
redbird n. the male is bright red with black wings and tail; crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male
redbone n. a speedy red or red-and-tan American hound
redbreast n. small Old World songbird with a reddish breast
redbrush n. common North American shrub with reddish purple twigs and white flowers
redbud n. small shrubby tree of eastern North America similar to the Judas tree having usually pink flowers; found in damp sheltered underwood
redbug n. larval mite that sucks the blood of vertebrates including human beings causing intense irritation
redcap n. (British) a member of the military police; a railroad employee who assists passengers (especially on sleeping cars)
redcoat n. British soldier; so-called because of his red coat, esp. during the Revolutionary War
redden v. turn red, as if in embarrassment; make red; turn red or redder
reddened adj. (especially of the face) reddened or suffused with or as if with blood from emotion or exertion; with puffy reddened eyes; lighted with red light as if with flames; reddened faces around the campfire
reddish adj. (used of hair or fur) of a reddish brown color; reddish hair; having any of numerous bright or strong colors reminiscent of the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies
redecorate v. redo the decoration of an apartment or house
rededicate v. dedicate anew; They were asked to rededicate themselves to their country
rededication n. a new dedication; the rededication of the Temple of Jerusalem
redeem v. from sins, as in religious dogma; exchange or buy back for money; under threat; pay off, as of loans or promissory notes; convert into cash; of commercial papers
redeemable adj. recoverable upon payment or fulfilling a condition; redeemable goods in a pawnshop; able to be converted into ready money; redeemable stocks and bonds; susceptible to improvement or reform; a redeemable sinner
redeemed adj. (Christianity) saved from the bondage of sin
redeeming adj. bringing about salvation or redemption from sin; redemptive (or redeeming) love; compensating for some fault or defect; the redeeming feature of the plan is its simplicity
redefine v. give a new or different definition to; give a new or different definition of (a word)
redefinition n. a new definition
redemption n. (Christianity) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil; purchasing back something previously sold
redemptional adj. of or relating to or resulting in redemption
redemptive adj. of or relating to or resulting in redemption; bringing about salvation or redemption from sin; redemptive (or redeeming) love
redeploy v. deploy anew; The U.S. must redeploy their troops in the Middle East
redeployment n. the withdrawal and redistribution of forces in an attempt to use them more effectively
redepmtory adj. of or relating to or resulting in redemption
redeposition n. deposition from one deposit to another
redesign v. design anew, make a new design for
redetermination n. determining again
redevelop v. develop for a second time, in order to improve the contrast, colour, etc., of a negative or print; formulate or develop again, of an improved theory or hypothesis; change the plans for the use of (land)
redevelopment n. the act of renovating
redeye n. a night flight from which the passengers emerge with eyes red from lack of sleep
redfish n. North Atlantic rockfish; large edible fish found off coast of United States from Massachusetts to Mexico; male salmon that has recently spawned
redhead n. someone who has red hair; North American diving duck with a gray-and-black body and reddish-brown head; black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck
redheaded adj. having red hair and usually fair skin
redheader n. someone who has red hair
redhorse n. North American sucker with reddish fins
redirect v. channel into a new direction
rediscover v. discover again
rediscovery n. the act of discovering again
redisposition n. the withdrawal and redistribution of forces in an attempt to use them more effectively
redistribute v. distribute anew; redistribute the troops more strategically
redistributed adj. having population and industries relocated from urban to outlying areas; redistributed industries
redistribution n. distributing again
redistrict v. to organize into new territorial and especially political divisions
redline v. discriminate in selling or renting housing in certain areas of a neighborhood
redly adv. displaying a red color
redmaids n. succulent carpet-forming plant having small brilliant reddish-pink flowers; southwestern United States
redneck n. a poor white person in the southern US
redness n. a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat; the quality or state of the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood
redo v. make anew; do over, as of (part of) a house
redolence n. a pleasingly sweet olfactory property
redolent adj. serving to bring to mind; a campaign redolent of machine politics; (used with `of' or `with') noticeably odorous; the hall was redolent of floor wax; having a strong distinctive fragrance
redouble v. double in magnitude, extent, or intensity; double again; make twice as great or intense
redoubled adj. become much greater in intensity or size or amount; we faced redoubled attacks from the enemy
redoubt n. a stronghold
redoubtable adj. inspiring fear; having or worthy of pride; redoubtable scholar of the Renaissance
redound v. be excessive in quantity; be deflected; His actions redound on his parents; be added; have an affect for good or ill: Her efforts will redound to the general good
redox n. a reversible chemical reaction in which one reaction is an oxidation and the reverse is a reduction
redpoll n. small siskin-like finch with a red crown; small siskin-like finch with a red crown
redraft n. a draft for the amount of a dishonored draft plus the costs and charges of drafting again
redress n. a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury; act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil@v. make reparations or amends for
redroot n. perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leave and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant
redshank n. a common Old World wading bird with long red legs
redskin n. a North American Indian
redstart n. flycatching warbler of eastern North America the male having bright orange on sides and wings and tail; European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins
redtail n. dark brown American hawk species having a reddish-brown tail; European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins
reduce v. cut down on; make a reduction in; reduce your daily fat intake; make less complex; reduce a problem to a single question; bring to humbler or weaker state or condition
reduced adj. made less in size or amount or degree; well below normal (especially in price)
reducer n. joins two pipes of different diameter
reducible adj. capable of being reduced
reducing n. any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent
reduction n. the act of decreasing or reducing something; any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent
reductionism n. a theory that all complex systems can be completely understood in terms of their components; the analysis of complex things into simpler constituents
reductionist adj. of or relating to the theory of reductionism; reductionist arguments
reductive adj. characterized by or causing diminution or curtailment; their views of life were reductive and depreciabory_ R.H.Rovere
redundance n. the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded
redundancy n. repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission; the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded; the use of industrial robots created redundancy among workers
redundant adj. more than is needed, desired, or required; yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant; use of more words than required to express an idea; a redundant text crammed with amplifications of the obvious
reduplicate v. form by reduplication, as of sounds or morphemes of a word; make or do or perform again
reduplication n. an act of duplicating
reduviid n. a true bug: long-legged predacious bug living mostly on other insects; a few suck blood of mammals
redux adj. brought back; the Victorian era redux
redwing n. North American blackbird with scarlet patches on the wings; small European thrush having reddish flanks
redwood n. the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees; either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae
reecho v. echo repeatedly, echo again and again; repeat or return an echo again or repeatedly; send (an echo) back; repeat back like an echo
reechoing adj. (of sounds) repeating by reflection
reed n. tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites
reedbird n. migratory American songbird; small European warbler that breeds among reeds and wedges and winters in Africa
reedmace n. tall marsh plant with pokerlike seed heads that explode when mature shedding large quantities of down; its long flat leaves are used for making mats and chair seats; of North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa
reedy adj. having a tone of a reed instrument; resembling a reed or twig in being slender and fragile
reef n. a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water@v. lower and bring partially inboard, as of a mast on a sailboat; roll up (a portion of a sail) in order to reduce its area; reduce (a sail) by taking in a reef
reefer n. marijuana leaves rolled into a cigarette for smoking
reefy adj. full of submerged reefs or sandbanks or shoals; reefy shallows
reek v. have an element suggestive (of something); smell to heaven; be wet with sweat or blood, as of one's face; give off smoke, fumes, warm vapour, steam, etc.@n. a distinctive odor that is offensively unpleasant
reeking adj. wet with secreted or exuded moisture such as sweat or blood or tears; wiped his reeking neck; giving off a strong unpleasant smell
reel n. a roll of photographic film holding a series of frames to be projected by a movie projector; music composed for dancing a reel@v. walk as if unable to control one's movements; revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis
reelect v. elect again
reelection n. election again; he did not run for reelection
reenact v. enact or perform again; enact again; act out; represent or perform as if in a play
reenforce v. make stronger
reenforcement n. information that makes more forcible or convincing; a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission
reentrant adj. (of angles) pointing inward
reentry n. the act of entering again
reestablish v. bring back into its original existence or use; reestablish peace in the region
reevaluate v. revise or renew one's assessment
reevaluation n. the evaluation of something a second time (or more)
reeve v. pass a rope through, as of a an opening; pass through a hole or opening, as of a rope; fasten by passing through a hole or around something@n. female ruff
reexamination n. a second (or subsequent) examination
reexamine v. look at again; examine again
ref n. (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play
refabrication n. assembling again
reface v. put a new facing on, as of a garment; provide with a new facing
refashion v. make anew
refection n. a light meal or repast
refectory n. a communal dininghall (usually in a monastery)
refer v. make reference to; be about; have to do with; be relevant to; refer, pertain, or relate to; think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another
referable adj. (usually followed by `to') able to be assigned or credited to
referee v. be a referee or umpire; evaluate professionally a colleague's work@n. (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play
refereeing n. the act of umpiring
reference n. a remark that calls attention to something or someone; a short note acknowledging a source of information or quoting a passage@v. refer to
referenced adj. supported with written references or citations; a carefully referenced biography
referendum n. a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate
referent n. something referred to; the object of a reference; the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate; something that refers; a term that refers to another term
referential adj. referring or pointing to something; symbols are inherently referential
referral n. a recommendation to consult the (professional) person referred to; this patient is a referral from Dr. Bones
refill v. fill something that had previously been emptied; refill my glass, please@n. a prescription drug that is provided again; he got a refill of his prescription; a commercial product that refills a container with its appropriate contents
refilling n. filling again by supplying what has been used up
refinance v. renew the financing of
refine v. improve or perfect by pruning or polishing; refine one's style of writing; make more complex, intricate, or richer; refine a design or pattern; treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition; refine paper stock
refined adj. used of persons and their behavior; cultivated and genteel; she was delicate and refined and unused to hardship; freed from impurities by processing; refined sugar
refinement n. a highly developed state; the result of improving something; he described a refinement of this technique; the process of removing impurities from oil or metals or sugar; a subtle difference in meaning
refiner n. one whose work is to refine a specific thing; he was a sugar refiner
refinery n. an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance
refining n. the process of removing impurities from oil or metals or sugar
refinish v. give a new surface; refinish the dining room furniture
refinisher n. a skilled worker who is employed to restore or refinish antique furniture
refit n. outfitting a ship again (by repairing or replacing parts)@v. fit out again
reflate v. inflate again, as of a balloon; become inflated again
reflation n. inflation of currency after a period of deflation; restore the system to a previous state
reflect v. bring back; think about at length and in depth; to throw or bend back from a surface; A mirror in the sun can reflect light into a person's eyes.; be bright by reflecting or casting light
reflectance n. the fraction of radiant energy that is reflected from a surface
reflected adj. (especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back; reflected light
reflecting adj. causing reflection or having a device that reflects; a reflecting microscope
reflection n. a calm lengthy intent consideration; the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface; expression without words; the pulse is a reflection of the heart's condition
reflective adj. persistently or morbidly thoughtful; capable of physically reflecting light or sound; a reflective surface; devoted to matters of the mind; the reflective type
reflectively adv. in a reflective manner; he watched her reflectively
reflectivity n. the fraction of radiant energy that is reflected from a surface; the ability to reflect beams or rays
reflector n. something that reflects radiations; large concave mirror produces image that is magnified by the eyepiece
reflex n. an automatic reaction@adj. (physiology) without volition or conscious control; a reflex knee jerk
reflexion n. the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface; expression without words; a remark expressing careful consideration; a calm lengthy intent consideration; the ability to reflect beams or rays
reflexive adj. (physiology) without volition or conscious control; sneezing is reflexive; (grammar) referring back to itself@n. a personal pronoun compounded with -self to show the agent's action affects itself
reflexiveness n. the coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent
reflexivity n. the coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent
reflexly adv. in a reflex manner; such effects can be induced reflexly
refloat v. set afloat again; refloat a grounded boat
reflux n. an abnormal backward flow of body fluids; the outward flow of the tide
refocusing n. focusing again
reforest v. forest anew
reforestation n. the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting
reforge v. cast or model anew
reform n. a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses@v. make reforms in; change for the better; reform a political system; subject to spiritual regeneration; produce by cracking, of oil or gas; break up the molecules (of oil or gas)
reformable adj. susceptible to improvement or reform
reformation n. assembling again; rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course
reformative adj. tending to reform; reformative and rehabilitative agencies
reformatory n. a detention institution for the discipline and training of young or first offenders@adj. tending to reform; reformatory punishment
reformed adj. used of some Protestant churches especially Calvinist as distinct from Lutheran; also used of Reform Judaism; caused to abandon an evil manner of living and follow a good one; a reformed drunkard
reformer n. a disputant who advocates reform
reformist n. a disputant who advocates reform@adj. favoring or promoting reform (often by government action)
reformulate v. formulate or develop again, of an improved theory or hypothesis
refract v. subject to refraction, as of a light beam; determine the refracting power of (a lens)
refraction n. the change in direction of a propagating wave (light or sound) when passing from one medium to another; the amount by which a propagating wave is bent
refractive adj. of or relating to refraction; the refractive characteristics of the eye; capable of changing the direction (of a light or sound wave)
refractiveness n. the physical property of a medium as determined by its index of refraction
refractivity n. the physical property of a medium as determined by its index of refraction
refractometer n. for measuring the refractive index of a substance
refractoriness n. the trait of being unmanageable
refractory adj. resistant to authority or control; as refractory as a mule; (med) not responding to treatment; a refractory case of acne@n. material with a high melting point that is used to line the inside walls of a furnace
refrain n. the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers@v. not do something; choose to refrain
refresh v. refresh one's memory; make (to feel) fresh; become or make oneself fresh again; make fresh again
refreshed adj. with restored energy
refreshen v. become or make oneself fresh again; make fresh again
refresher n. (British) a fee (in addition to that marked on the brief) paid to counsel in a case that lasts more than one day; a drink that refreshes; he stopped at the bar for a quick refresher
refreshful adj. imparting vitality and energy
refreshfully adv. in a manner that relieves fatigue and restores vitality
refreshing adj. imparting vitality and energy; pleasantly novel or different; common sense of a most refreshing sort
refreshingly adv. in a manner that relieves fatigue and restores vitality; the air was refreshingly cool; in a pleasantly novel manner; she was refreshingly free from shyness
refreshment n. snacks and drinks served as a light meal; act of refreshing or renewing strength or liveliness
refrigerant n. a substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator)@adj. causing cooling or freezing; a refrigerant substance such as ice or solid carbon dioxide
refrigerate v. keep cool in a refrigerator; refrigerate this medicine
refrigerated adj. made or kept cold by refrigeration; keep the milk refrigerated
refrigerating adj. causing cooling or freezing
refrigeration n. the process of cooling or freezing for preservative purposes
refrigerator n. a kitchen appliance in which food can be stored at low temperatures
refuel v. provide with additional fuel, as of aircraft, ships, and cars; take on more fuel, as of a plane, ship, or car
refueling n. the activity of supplying or taking on fuel
refuge n. a safe place; something or someone turned to for assistance or security:; took refuge in lying; a shelter from danger or hardship; act of turning to for assistance
refugee n. an exile who flees for safety
refulgence n. the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light
refulgency n. the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light
refulgent adj. radiating or as if radiating light; a refulgent sunset
refund n. money returned to a payer; the act of returning money received previously@v. pay back; Please refund me my money
refurbish v. make brighter and prettier, as of a house
refurnish v. furnish with new or different furniture
refusal n. the act of refusing; the polite declining of an invitation
refuse v. show unwillingness towards; refuse to accept; elude, esp. in a baffling way; refuse to let have; refuse entrance or membership@n. food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)
refutable adj. able to be refuted
refutation n. the speech act of answering an attack on your assertions; his refutation of the charges was short and persuasive; any evidence that helps to establish the falsity of something
refute v. overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof; prove to be false or incorrect
refuting n. the act of determining that something is false
regain v. get or find back; recover the use of; come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost
regaining n. getting something back again
regal adj. belonging to or befitting a supreme ruler; regal attire
regale v. provide with choice or abundant food or drink
regalia n. paraphernalia indicative of royalty (or other high office); especially fine or decorative clothing
regally adv. in a regal manner; a regally appropriate representative
regard v. consider or deem to be; regard; look at attentively@n. (usually preceded by `in') a detail or point; paying particular notice (as to children or helpless people); (usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare
regardant adj. (heraldry) looking backward
regardful adj. showing deference
regarding adj. referring or directing attention to
regardless adv. in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks; he carried on regardless of the difficulties@adj. (usually followed by `of') without due thought or consideration; crushing the blooms with regardless tread
regatta n. a meeting for boat races
regency n. the office of a regent
regenerate v. re-establish on a new, usually improved, basis; amplify (an electron current) by causing part of the power in the output circuit to act upon the input circuit; subject to spiritual regeneration@adj. reformed spiritually or morally
regenerating adj. that are generating anew; regenerating fibers
regeneration n. (biology) growth anew of lost or destroyed parts or organs; the activity of spiritual or physical renewal
regent adj. (combining form) acting or functioning as a regent or ruler; prince-regent@n. members of a governing board; someone who rules during the absence or incapacity or minority of the country's monarch
reggae n. popular music originating in the West Indies; repetitive bass riffs and regular chords played on the off beat by a guitar
regicide n. someone who commits regicide; the killer of a king; the act of killing a king
regime n. the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit; (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)
regimen n. (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)
regiment n. army unit smaller than a division@v. subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization; regiment one's children; form into a regiment, of military personnel; assign to a regiment, of soldiers
regimental adj. belonging to or concerning a regiment; regimental units
regimentally adv. in a regimental manner or by regiments
regimentals n. the uniform and insignia of a regiment
regimentation n. the imposition of order or discipline
regimented adj. strictly controlled
region n. the extended spatial location of something; a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve; in the abdominal region; a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth
regional adj. characteristic of a region; regional flora; related or limited to a particular region; a regional dialect
regionally adv. in a regional manner; regionally governed
register n. an official written record of names or events or transactions@v. record in writing; enter into a register; register in a public office or in a court of law; register to vote; register for an election; be aware of
registered adj. (of animals) officially recorded with or certified by a recognized breed association; especially in a stud book; a registered Percheron
registrant n. a person who is formally entered (along with others) in a register (and who obtains certain rights thereby)
registrar n. a person employed to keep a record of the owners of stocks and bonds issued by the company; the administrator responsible for student records; someone responsible for keeping records
registration n. the act of enrolling; the act of adjusting something to match a standard
registry n. an official written record of names or events or transactions
regnal adj. of or relating to a king or his reign; regnal year
regnant adj. exercising power or authority
regnellidium n. small latex-containing aquatic fern of southern Brazil
regorge v. eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
regosol n. a type of soil consisting of unconsolidated material from freshly deposited alluvium or sand
regress v. go back to a statistical means; go back to a previous state; get worse; fall back to a previous or worse condition; go back to bad behavior@n. the reasoning involved when you assume the conclusion is true and reason backward to the evidence
regressing adj. going from better to worse
regression n. an abnormal state in which development has stopped prematurely; a defense mechanism in which you flee from reality by assuming a more infantile state
regressive adj. (of taxes) adjusted so that the rate decreases as the amount increases; opposing progress
regret v. feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about; feel sad about the loss or absence of; decline formally or politely; I regret I can't come to the party; be sorry@n. sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment
regretful adj. having regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone; felt regretful over his vanished youth
regretfully adv. with regret (used in polite formulas); I must regretfully decline your kind invitation
regrets n. the polite declining of an invitation
regrettable adj. deserving regret; regrettable remarks
regrettably adv. by bad luck
regroup v. organize anew, as after a setback; reorganize into new groups
regular adj. in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle; his regular calls on his customers; often used as intensifiers@n. a regular patron; a soldier in the regular army; a dependable follower (especially in party politics)
regularisation n. the imposition of a standard
regularity n. a property of polygons: the property of having equal sides and equal angles; the quality of being characterized by a fixed principle or rate; he was famous for the regularity of his habits
regularization n. the imposition of a standard
regularize v. impose regulations on; make regular or more regular; regularize the heart beat with a pace maker
regularized adj. made regular
regularly adv. in a regular manner; letters arrived regularly from his children; in a regular way without variation
regulate v. fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of; regulate the temperature; impose regulations on; shape or influence; give direction to; check the emission of (sound)
regulated adj. controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law; well regulated industries; marked by system or regularity or discipline; a well regulated life
regulating adj. restricting according to rules or principles@n. the act of regulating
regulation adj. prescribed by or according to regulation; regulation army equipment@n. an authoritative rule or law; a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior; short haircuts were the regulation; the act of regulating
regulative adj. restricting according to rules or principles
regulator n. any of various mechanisms or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.; a official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
regulatory adj. restricting according to rules or principles
regur n. a rich black loam of India
regurgitate v. feed through the beak by regurgitating previously swallowed food; of some birds; repeat after memorization; For the exam, you must be able to regurgitate the information; eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
regurgitation n. the act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth
rehabilitate v. help to re-adapt, as to a former state of health or good repute; restore the strength or health of; reinstall politically
rehabilitated adj. (of persons) restored to health or useful life; rehabilitated prisoners
rehabilitation n. the restoration of someone to a useful place in society; the conversion of waste land into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation
rehabilitative adj. designed to accomplish rehabilitation; rehabilitative treatment; helping to restore to good condition; rehabilitative exercises
reharmonization n. a piece of music whose original harmony has been revised
rehash n. old material that is slightly reworked and used again; merely a dull rehash of his first novel@v. present or use over, with no or few changes; go back over; go over once again
rehear v. hear or try a court case anew
rehearing n. the act of hearing again
rehearsal n. a practice session in preparation for a public performance of a play or speech or concert
rehearse v. engage in a rehearsal (of)
reheat v. heat again; Please reheat the food from last night
reheated adj. uneaten and saved for eating later; yesterday's reheated soup
reheel v. put a new heel on
rehouse v. put up in a new or different housing
reification n. regarding something abstract as a material thing
reify v. consider an abstract concept to be real
reign v. have sovereign power@n. a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful; he was helpless under the reign of his egotism; the period during which a monarch is sovereign; during the reign of Henry VIII; royal authority
reigning adj. exercising power or authority
reignite v. ignite anew, as of a fire
reimburse v. pay back for some expense incurred; Can the company reimburse me for my professional travel?; reimburse or compensate (someone), as for a loss
reimbursement n. compensation paid (to someone) for damages or losses or money already spent etc.; he received reimbursement for his travel expenses
reimposition n. imposition again
rein v. control and direct with or as if by reins; as of a horse; stop or slow up one's horse or oneself by or as if by pulling the reins@n. one of a pair of long straps (usually connected to the bit or the headpiece) used to control a horse
reincarnate v. incarnate anew@adj. having a new body
reincarnation n. a second or new birth
reindeer n. arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America
reinforce v. make stronger; strengthen and support with rewards; Let's reinforce good behavior
reinforced adj. given added strength or support; reinforced concrete contains steel bars or metal netting; (used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness
reinforcement n. a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission
reinforcer n. (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it
reins n. power to control; the reins of government
reinstall v. install again
reinstate v. restore to the previous state or rank; bring back into its original existence or use
reinstatement n. the condition of being reinstated; her reinstatement to her former office followed quickly; the act of restoring someone to a previous position; we insisted on the reinstatement of the colonel
reinsurance n. sharing the risk by insurance companies; part or all of the insurer's risk is assumed by other companies in return for part of the premium paid by the insured
reinsure v. provide additional insurance for; insure again by transferring to another insurance company all or a part of a liability assumed; insure again by assuming all or a part of the liability of an insurance company already covering a risk
reintegrate v. integrate again
reinterpret v. interpret from a different viewpoint; assign a new or different meaning to
reinvigorate v. impart vigor, strength, or vitality to
reinvigorated adj. with restored energy
reissue v. print anew@n. a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale
reiterate v. to say or state again: ,
reiteration n. doing or saying again
reiterative adj. marked by tedious repetition
reject v. refuse to accept or acknowledge; I reject the idea of starting a war; refuse to accept; refuse to approve; reject with contempt; refuse entrance or membership@n. the person or thing rejected or set aside as inferior in quality
rejected adj. cast off as valueless; rebuffed (by a lover) without warning; judged unacceptable; rejected merchandise
rejection n. the act of rejecting something; his proposals were met with rejection; the state of being rejected; the speech act of rejecting
rejective adj. rejecting or tending to reject; rejective or overcritical attitudes of disappointed parents
rejig v. re-equip a factory or plant
rejoice v. feel happiness or joy; to express great joy: Shelley; be ecstatic with joy
rejoicing n. a feeling of great happiness; the utterance of sounds expressing great joy@adj. joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success; rejoicing crowds filled the streets on VJ Day
rejoin v. join again; answer back
rejoinder n. a reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one); it brought a sharp rejoinder from the teacher; a pleading made by a defendant in response to the plaintiff's replication
rejuvenate v. make younger or more youthful; become young again
rejuvenation n. the phenomenon of vitality and freshness being restored; the annual rejuvenation of the landscape; the act of restoring to a more youthful condition
rekindle v. kindle anew, as of a fire; arouse again: rekindle hopes
relace v. lace again
relapse v. deteriorate in health; go back to bad behavior@n. a failure to maintain a higher state
relapsing n. a failure to maintain a higher state
relate v. make a logical or causal connection; be about; have to do with; be relevant to; refer, pertain, or relate to; give an account of; be in a relationship with; have a relationship to; bring into relation with
related adj. being connected or associated; painting and the related arts; connected by kinship, common origin, or marriage; similar or related in quality or character; the amateur is closely related to the collector
relatedness n. a particular manner of connectedness; the relatedness of all living things
relation n. an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together; the act of sexual procreation between a man and a woman; the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina and excited until orgasm and ejaculation occur
relational adj. having a relation or being related
relations n. mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups
relationship n. (`relationship' is often used where `relation' would serve (as in the relationship between inflation and unemployment)) preferred usage of `relationship' is for human relations or states of relatedness
relative adj. not absolute or complete; a relative stranger; properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by `to'; earnings relative to production@n. a person related by blood or marriage
relatively adv. in a relative manner; by comparison to something else; the situation is relatively calm now
relativism n. the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
relativistic adj. (physics) relating or subject to the special or the general theory of relativity; relativistic quantum mechanics; of or relating to the philosophical doctrine of relativism
relativity n. (physics) the theory that space and time are relative concepts rather than absolute concepts
relativize v. consider or treat as relative
relator n. narrator
relatum n. a term in a proposition that is related to the referent of the proposition
relax v. become less tense; make less tight; relax the tension on the rope; become loose or looser; cause to feel relaxed; become less tight
relaxant n. a drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions@adj. tending to relax or relieve muscular or nervous tension
relaxation n. the exponential return of a system to equilibrium after a disturbance; a state of refreshing tranquility; an occurrence of control or strength weakening; the relaxation of requirements
relaxed adj. without strain or anxiety; gave the impression of being quite relaxed; made less tense or rigid; his relaxed muscles
relaxing adj. affording or marked by rest or repose; the time spent was pleasant and relaxing
relay v. pass along; Please relay the news to the villagers; control or operate by relay@n. the act of relaying something; current flowing in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuit
relays n. a race between teams; each member runs or swims part of the distance
relearn v. learn something again, as after having forgotten or neglected it
release v. release, as from one's hands; grant freedom to; free from confinement; release something from a container; publish a magazine or newspaper, for example@n. something issued for sale or public showing (especially a record or film)
released adj. set free as from prison or duty
releasing adj. emotionally purging (of e.g. art)
relegate v. refer to another; assign to a lower position; reduce in rank; expel, as if by official decree
relegating n. authorizing subordinates to make certain decisions
relegation n. authorizing subordinates to make certain decisions; mild banishment; consignment to an inferior position
relent v. give in, as to influence or pressure
relentless adj. not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty; relentless persecution; never-ceasing; the relentless beat of the drums
relentlessly adv. in a relentless manner; he worked relentlessly
relentlessness n. mercilessness characterized by an unwillingness to relent or let up; the relentlessness or their pursuit
relevance n. the relation of something to the matter at hand
relevancy n. the relation of something to the matter at hand
relevant adj. having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue; the scientist corresponds with colleagues in order to learn about matters relevant to her own research; having crucial relevance; relevant testimony
relevantly adv. with relevance
reliability n. the trait of being dependable or reliable
reliable adj. worthy of reliance or trust; a reliable source of information; worthy of being depended on; a reliable source of information; conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief; reliable information
reliableness n. the trait of being dependable or reliable
reliably adv. in a faithful manner
reliance n. certainty based on past experience; he wrote the paper with considerable reliance on the work of other scientists; the state of relying on something
reliant adj. relying on another for support
relic n. an object that as survived from the past; something of sentimental value
relict n. an organism or species surviving as a remnant of an otherwise extinct flora or fauna in an environment much changed from that in which it originated
relief n. the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced; as he heard the news he was suddenly flooded with relief
relieve v. provide physical relief, as from pain; This pill will relieve your headaches; free someone temporarily form his or her obligations; grant relief or an exemption from a rule or requirement to
relieved adj. (of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear
reliever n. a pitcher who does not start the game
relievo n. sculpture in which the figures are raised above a surrounding flat plane; shapes carved on a surface so as to stand out from the background
religion n. a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny; institution to express belief in a divine power; he was raised in the Baptist religion
religionist n. a person who manifests devotion to a deity
religiosity n. exaggerated or affected piety
religious adj. relating to or concerned with religion or spiritual things; especially dedicated to service in a religion; a monk of a religious order@n. a member of a religious order who is bound by vows of poverty and chastity and obedience
religiously adv. by religion; religiously inspired art; with extreme conscientiousness; he came religiously every morning at 8 o'clock
religiousness n. piety by virtue of being devout
reline v. provide with a new lining; put new lines on; reline the paper
relinquish v. part with; relinquish to the power of another; yield to the control of another; do without; turn away from; give up
relinquished adj. that has been withdrawn or retreated from; given up often unwillingly; a relinquishment is a piece of relinquished or abandoned land
relinquishing n. a verbal act of relinquishing; the act of relinquishing
relinquishment n. a verbal act of relinquishing; the act of relinquishing
reliquary n. a container where religious relics are stored or displayed (especially relics of saints)
relique archaic variant of relic
relish n. vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment; spicy or savory condiment; the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouth@v. derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in
relishing n. taking a small amount into the mouth to test its quality
relistening n. the act of hearing again
relive v. experience again, often in the imagination
reliving n. a recurrence of a prior experience; the reliving of a strong emotion can be therapeutic
reload v. load anew with ammunition,; place a new load on
relocate v. take up residence and become established
relocated adj. settled in a new location
relocation n. the transportation of people (as a family or colony) to a new settlement (as after an upheaval of some kind); transportation of (household or office) belongings to a new address
reluctance n. (physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance); a certain degree of unwillingness; a reluctance to commit himself
reluctant adj. unwillingness to do something contrary to your custom; a reluctant smile; unwilling to become involved; they were usually reluctant to socialize; not eager; reluctant to help
reluctantly adv. with reluctance
reluctivity n. (physics) the resistance of a material to the establishment of a magnetic field in it
rely v. have confidence or faith in
relyric v. write new lyrics for (a song)
rem n. (Roentgen Equivalent Man) the dosage of ionizing radiation that will cause the same amount of injury to human tissue as 1 roentgen of X-rays
remain v. stay the same; remain in a certain state; continue in a place, position, or situation; be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc.; stay behind
remainder n. something left after other parts have been taken away; there was no remainder; a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold@v. sell cheaply as remainders, as of books
remaining adj. being the remaining one or ones of several; tried to sell the remaining books; not used up; saved the remaining sandwiches for supper
remains n. any object that is left unused or still extant; I threw out the remains of my dinner; the dead body of a human being
remake v. make anew@n. something that is made again or anew; it is a remake of an old film
remaking n. assembling again
remand n. the act of sending an accused person back into custody to await trial (or the continuation of the trial)@v. of appeal courts; lock up in jail
remark v. make mention of; make or write comment to make a comment on@n. a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief; explicit notice; it passed without remark
remarkable adj. unusual or striking; a remarkable sight; worthy of notice; a remarkable achievement
remarkably adv. to a remarkably degree or extent; in a signal manner
remarriage n. the act of marrying again
remarry v. marry, not for the first time
rematch n. something (especially a game) that is played again
remediable adj. possible to remedy; remediable problems
remedial adj. tending or intended to rectify or improve; a remedial reading course; tending to cure or restore to health; remedial surgery
remediation n. act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil
remedy n. act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil; a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain@v. set straight or right; provide relief for
remember v. recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection: I can't remember saying any such thing; can you remember her phone number? Do you remember that he once loved you?; keep in mind for attention or consideration
remembered adj. that is recalled; the remembered sensations
remembering n. the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered; he enjoyed remembering his father
remembrance n. the ability to recall past occurrences; a recognition of meritorious service
remilitarize v. militarize anew
remind v. put in the mind of someone; assist (somebody acting or reciting) by suggesting the next words of something forgotten or imperfectly learned; recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection
reminder n. a message that helps you remember something; an experience that causes you to remember something; someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided
remindful adj. serving to bring to mind
reminisce v. recall the past
reminiscence n. a mental impression retained and recalled
reminiscent adj. serving to bring to mind
reminiscently adv. in a reminiscent manner; she spoke reminiscently of her days in college
remiss adj. failing in what duty requires; remiss of you not to pay your bills
remission n. an abatement in the manifestations of a disease; his cancer is in remission; a payment of money sent to a person in another place; formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance
remissness n. the quality of being lax and neglectful
remit v. send payment for; hold back to a later time; release from (claims and debts); of appeal courts; make slack as by lessening tension or firmness; go into remission, as of one's state of health
remittal n. a payment of money sent to a person in another place
remittance n. a payment of money sent to a person in another place
remittent adj. (of a disease) characterized by periods of diminished severity; a remittent fever
remnant n. a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists; a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold
remodel v. do over, as of (part of) a house; cast or model anew
remodeled adj. made over usually with changes; our remodeled house seems like new
remold v. cast again; shape again or shape differently; give new treads to (a tire)
remonstrance n. an expression of opposition to a course of action
remonstrant adj. vigorously objecting or opposing -- remonstrant n. -- remonstrantly adv.
remonstrate v. argue in protest or opposition; present and urge reasons in opposition; censure severely or angrily; is archaic
remora n. marine fishes with a flattened elongated body and a sucking disk on the head for attaching to large fish or moving objects
remorse n. a feeling of deep regret (usually for some misdeed)
remorseful adj. feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses
remorsefully adv. in a rueful manner
remorseless adj. without mercy or pity; a monster of remorseless cruelty
remorselessly adv. without pity; in a merciless manner
remote adj. far distant in space; remote stars; very unlikely; remote possibility; far distant in time; the remote past or future; inaccessible and sparsely populated@n. a device used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance
remotely adv. in a remote manner; when the measured speech of the chorus passes over into song the tones are, remotely but unmistakably, those taught by the orthodox liturgy; to a remote degree; it is remotely possible
remoteness n. the property of being remote; a disposition to be distant and unsympathetic in manner
remotion n. the act of removing
remould v. cast again; give new treads to (a tire)
remount n. a fresh horse especially (formerly) to replace one killed or injured in battle@v. mount again, as of a horse; mount again, as after dissembling something; provide with remounts: remount a regiment
removable adj. that can be removed or taken away or dismissed; a removable cord; able to be obliterated completely; capable of being removed; lids should be removable
removal n. the act of removing; he had surgery for the removal of a malignancy; dismissal from office
remove v. remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, taking off, etc.; or remove something abstract; remove a threat; remove from a position or an office@n. degree of figurative distance or separation: just one remove from madness or
removed adj. taken out of or separated from; far distant in space; a hideaway far removed from towns and cities; far apart in nature; considerations entirely removed (or remote) from politics
remover n. a solvent that removes a substance (usually from a surface); paint remover or rust remover but also hair remover; (British) someone who works for a moving company
remuda n. the herd of horses from which those to be used the next day are chosen
remunerate v. make proper payment to
remunerated adj. receiving or eligible for compensation
remuneration n. something that remunerates; the act of paying for goods or services or to recompense for losses; adequate remuneration for his work
remunerative adj. for which money is paid; remunerative work; producing a good profit; a remunerative business
remunerator n. a person who pays money for something
renaissance n. the revival of learning and culture
renal adj. of or relating to the kidneys
rename v. assign a new name to; name again or anew
renascence n. the revival of learning and culture
renascent adj. surging or sweeping back again
rencontre n. a hostile meeting or contest; combat; a casual meeting
rencounter n. a hostile meeting or contest; combat; a casual meeting
rend v. tear or be torn violently
render v. cause to become; provide or furnish with; give an interpretation or rendition of; give or supply; as of a verdict, by a jury; present formally; give back; lose or lose the right to by some error, offense, or crime
rendering n. a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.; an explanation of something that is not immediately obvious; the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance
rendezvous n. a meeting planned at a certain time and place; a place where people meet; he was waiting for them at the rendezvous; a date; usually with a member of the opposite sex@v. meet at a rendezvous
rending adj. resembling a sound of violent tearing as of something ripped apart or lightning splitting a tree; heard a rending roar as the crowd surged forward
rendition n. a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.; an explanation of something that is not immediately obvious; the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance
renegade n. someone who rebels and becomes and outlaw; a disloyal person who forsakes his cause or religion or political party or friend etc.@v. break with established customs@adj. having deserted a cause or principle
renege n. the mistake of not following suit when able to do so@v. fail to fulfill a promise or obligation
renew v. re-establish on a new, usually improved, basis; make new or like new
renewable adj. that can be renewed or extended; a renewable lease; capable of being renewed; replaceable; renewable energy such as solar energy is theoretically inexhaustible
renewal n. the conversion of waste land into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation; the act of renewing; filling again by supplying what has been used up
renewed adj. restored to a new condition; felt renewed strength
renewing adj. tending to impart new life and vigor to; the renewing warmth of the sunshine
reniform adj. of a leaf shape
rennet n. a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket
rennin n. an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice; causes milk to coagulate
renormalize v. make normal or conform to a standard
renounce v. give up, such as power, as of monarchs and emperors, or duties and obligations; leave voluntarily; of a job, post or position; turn away from; give up; cast off or disown
renouncement n. a verbal act of renouncing
renovate v. restore art works or antiques; make brighter and prettier, as of a house
renovated adj. repaired and improved; some renovated apartment buildings in the rundown neighborhood
renovation n. the act of renovating; the state of being restored to its former good condition; the inn was a renovation of a Colonial house
renovator n. a skilled worker who is employed to restore or refinish antique furniture
renown n. the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed
renowned adj. widely known and esteemed; a renowned painter
rensselaerite n. a kind of soft talc; sometimes used as wood filler
rent v. let for money; of housing; grant use or occupation of under a term of contract@n. a regular payment by a tenant to a landlord for use of some property@adj. shattered or torn up or torn apart violently as by e.g. wind or lightning or explosive
rentable adj. that is able or fit be rented
rental adj. available to rent or lease; a rental car; of or relating to rent; rental agreement@n. property that is leased or rented out or let; the act of renting (an apartment or house or car)
rente n. income from capital investment paid in a series of regular payments
renter n. someone who pays rent to use land or a building owned by someone else
rentier n. someone whose income is from property rents or bond interest and other investments
renting n. the act of renting (an apartment or house or car)
renunciant adj. used especially of behavior
renunciation n. rejecting as invalid; the state of having rejected your religious beliefs; a verbal act of renouncing; the act of renouncing
renunciative adj. used especially of behavior
reopen v. open again or anew
reorder v. assign a new order to
reordering n. a rearrangement in a different order
reorganisation n. the act of imposing a new organization
reorganization n. the act of imposing a new organization
reorganize v. organize anew; We must reorganize the company if we don't want to go under; organize anew, as after a setback
reorganized adj. organized again; a reorganized business
reorient v. orient once again, after a disorientation; cause to turn; set or arrange in a new or different determinate position
reorientate v. orient once again, after a disorientation
reorientation n. a new orientation; a changed set of attitudes and beliefs
reovirus n. any of a group of RNA viruses including the rotavirus causing infant enteritis
rep n. informal abbreviation of `representative'; a fabric with prominent rounded crosswise ribs
repaint v. paint again; paint again or anew; We had to repaint the gutters with linseed oil; paint again
repair n. the act of putting something in working order again; a formal way of referring to the condition of something; the building was in good repair@v. restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken
repairable adj. capable of being made ready for service
repaired adj. mended or put in working order; a repaired vacuum cleaner; made ready for service
repairer n. a worker whose job is to repair things
repairman n. a worker whose job is to repair things
repand adj. having a slightly undulating margin
reparable adj. capable of being repaired or rectified; reparable damage to the car
reparation n. compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors; the act of putting something in working order again; compensation (given or received) for an injury or insult; an act for which there is no reparation
reparative adj. of, relating to, or effecting repairs; serving to make amends
repartee n. adroitness and cleverness in reply
repast n. the food served and eaten at one time
repatriate v. send someone back to his homeland against his will, as of refugees; admit back into the country@n. a person who has returned to the country of origin or whose citizenship has been restored
repatriation n. the act of returning to the country of origin
repay v. pay back; make repayment for or return something; act or give something in recognition of someone's behavior; answer back
repayable adj. subject to repayment; business loans are usually repayable in regular installments
repayment n. the act of returning money received previously; payment of a debt or obligation
repeal v. annul by recalling or rescinding@n. an official or legal cancellation
repeat v. to say or state again: ,; make or do or perform again; happen or occur again; to say again or imitate; do over; repeat an earlier theme of a musical composition@n. an event that repeats; the events today were a repeat of yesterday's
repeatable adj. able or fit to be repeated or quoted; what he said was not repeatable in polite company
repeated adj. recurring again and again
repeatedly adv. several time; it must be washed repeatedly
repeater n. a person who repeats; someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior); a firearm that can fire several rounds without reloading
repeating n. the act of repeating
repel v. cause to move back by force or influence; repel the enemy; be repellent to; cause aversion in; force or drive back; repel the attacker; reject outright and bluntly; fill with distaste
repellant n. a chemical substance that repels@adj. serving or tending to repel; highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust
repellent adj. serving or tending to repel; I find his obsequiousness repellent; highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust; the idea of eating meat is repellent to me; incapable of absorbing or mixing with@n. a chemical substance that repels
repellently adv. in a repellent manner; repellently fat
repelling n. a successful stand
repent v. turn away from sin or do penitence; feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about
repentance n. remorse for your past conduct
repentant adj. feeling or expressing remorse for misdeeds
repentantly adv. showing remorse
repercussion n. a remote or indirect consequence of some action; a movement back from an impact
repertoire n. the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation; a collection of works that an artist or company can perform
repertory n. a storehouse where a stock of things is kept; the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation: the repertory of the supposed feats of mesmerism
repetition n. an event that repeats; the act of repeating; the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device
repetitious adj. marked by tedious repetition
repetitiousness n. verboseness resulting from excessive repetitions
repetitive adj. persistently continual; marked by tedious repetition
repetitively adv. in a repetitive manner; this type of border display is used repetitively in advertising
repetitiveness n. verboseness resulting from excessive repetitions
rephrase v. express the same message in different words
rephrasing n. changing a particular word or phrase
repine v. express discontent
repining adj. wishing discontentedly
replace v. substitute a person or thing for (another that has ceased to fulfil its function); take the place of; put something back where it belongs; put in the place of another
replaceability n. exchangeability by virtue of being replaceable
replaceable adj. capable of being replaced
replacement n. the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another; someone who takes the place of another person; an event in which one thing is substituted for another
replacing n. the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another
replant v. plant again or anew
replay v. reproduce a recording on a recorder; play again, as of a melody; repeat a game against the same opponent; play again:; replay a point@n. something (especially a game) that is played again
replenish v. fill something that had previously been emptied
replenishment n. filling again by supplying what has been used up
replete adj. (informal) having consumed enough food or drink@v. fill to satisfaction
repletion n. the state of being satisfactorily full and unable to take on more; eating until excessively full
replica n. something that has been replicated
replicate v. make or do or perform again
replication n. the act of reproducing; a pleading made by a plaintiff in reply to the defendant's plea or answer
reply n. a statement (either spoken or written) that is made in reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation; the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange; he growled his reply@v. reply or respond to
repoint v. repair the joints of bricks
report v. to give an account or representation of in words; announce as the result of an investigation, or announce something to the proper authorities; announce one's presence@n. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group
reportable adj. (of income) required by law to be reported; reportable income; meriting report; years of research produced no reportable results
reportage n. the news as presented by reporters for newspapers or radio of television
reported adj. made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account; his reported opinion
reportedly adv. according to reports or other information; she was reportedly his mistress for many years
reporter n. a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories
reporting n. the news as presented by reporters for newspapers or radio of television
repose n. freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility); took his repose by the swimming pool@v. put or confide something in a person or thing; be inherent or innate in; lie when dead; lie in a comfortable resting position
reposeful adj. affording or marked by rest or repose; a cool and reposeful glen
repositing n. depositing in a warehouse
reposition n. depositing in a warehouse@v. change place or direction; place into another position
repositioning n. the act of placing in a new position
repository n. a place where things can be deposited for safekeeping; a person to whom a secret is entrusted; a burial vault (usually for some famous person)
repossess v. claim back; regain possession of something
repossession n. seizure of the collateral securing a loan that is in default
repot v. put in a new, usually larger, pot, as of a plant that has grown
repp n. a fabric with prominent rounded crosswise ribs
reprehend v. express strong disapproval of
reprehensible adj. bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure; adultery is as reprehensible for a husband as for a wife
reprehensibly adv. in a manner or to a degree deserving blame or censure
reprehension n. an expression of criticism and censure
reprehensively adv. in a shameful manner
represent v. take the place of; express indirectly; be a symbol of; be representative or typical for
representable adj. (mathematics) expressible in symbolic form; uniquely representable in the form...
representation n. a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image; a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something; the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group
representative n. a person who represents others; an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose; a member of the US House of Representatives@adj. serving to represent or typify; representative moviegoers; standing for something else
represented adj. represented accurately or precisely
repress v. put down by force or intimidation; put out of one's consciousness; in psychiatry
repressed adj. characterized by or showing the suppression of impulses or emotions; repressed rage turned his face scarlet
repressing adj. restrictive of action
repression n. a state of forcible subjugation; the repression of Christian sects; the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious
repressive adj. restrictive of action; a repressive regime
reprieve n. a (temporary) relief from harm or discomfort; an interruption in the intensity or amount of something@v. postpone the punishment of a convicted criminal, such as an execution
reprimand v. rebuke formally; censure severely or angrily; is archaic@n. an expression of criticism and censure
reprimanded adj. punished especially by reproof or reprimand
reprint v. print anew@n. a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale; a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication
reprinting n. a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale
reprisal n. a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime
reprise v. repeat an earlier theme of a musical composition
reproach v. utter a reproach to@n. a mild rebuke or criticism; words of reproach; disgrace or shame; he brought reproach upon his family
reproachful adj. expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective
reproachfully adv. in a reproving or reproachful manner
reprobate adj. marked by immorality; deviating from what is considered right or proper or good; the reprobate conduct of a gambling aristocrat@v. reject as invalid, as of documents@n. a person without moral scruples
reprobation n. severe disapproval
reprocess v. use again after processing
reproduce v. make a copy of; have offspring or young; recreate an idea, mood, atmosphere, etc. as by artistic means; repeat after memorization
reproducer n. an audio-system that can reproduce and amplify signals to produce sound
reproducibility n. the quality of being reproducible
reproducible adj. capable of being reproduced; astonishingly reproducible results can be obtained
reproducibly adv. in a manner that is reproducible
reproduction n. the process of generating offspring; something that has been replicated; the act of reproducing; the activity of conceiving and bearing offspring
reproductive adj. producing new life or offspring; the reproductive potential of a species is its relative capacity to reproduce itself under optimal conditions
reproof n. an expression of criticism and censure@v. censure severely or angrily; is archaic
reproval n. an expression of criticism and censure
reprove v. take to task
reproved adj. punished especially by reproof or reprimand
reproving adj. expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective
reprovingly adv. in a reproving or reproachful manner; she spoke to him reprovingly
reptile n. any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles and extinct forms
reptilian adj. of or relating to the class Reptilia@n. any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles and extinct forms
repture n. a state of elated bliss
republic n. a political system governed by the people or their representatives
republican n. an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)@adj. relating to or belonging to the Republican Party
republicanism n. the political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government
republication n. publishing again
republishing n. publishing again
repudiate v. cast off or disown; refuse to acknowledge or recognize
repudiated adj. any connection is denied
repudiation n. rejecting as invalid; the exposure of falseness or pretensions
repudiative adj. rejecting emphatically; e.g. refusing to pay or disowning; a veto is a repudiative act
repugn v. make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation
repugnance n. intense aversion
repugnant adj. offensive to the mind; morally repugnant customs
repulse v. force or drive back; be repellent to; cause aversion in; cause to move back by force or influence@n. an instance of driving away or warding off
repulsion n. the force by which bodies repel one another; intense aversion; a successful stand
repulsive adj. offensive to the mind; repulsive behavior; (physics) possessing the ability to repel; a repulsive force; so extremely ugly as to be terrifying; a repulsive mask
repulsively adv. in an offensive and hateful manner
repulsiveness n. the quality of being disgusting to the senses or emotions
repurchase n. purchasing back something previously sold
reputability n. honorableness by virtue of being respectable and having a good reputation
reputable adj. having a good reputation; a reputable business
reputably adv. in a reputable manner
reputation n. the state of being held in high esteem and honor; notoriety for some particular characteristic; his reputation for promiscuity
repute v. look on as or consider@n. the state of being held in high esteem and honor
reputed adj. commonly put forth or accepted as true on inconclusive grounds; the reputed (or purported) author of the book
reputedly adv. by repute; according to general belief; fish with reputedly poisonous flesh
request n. a formal message requesting something submitted to an authority; the verbal act of requesting@v. express the need or desire for; ask for; ask (a person) to do something; inquire for (information)
requested adj. asked for; the requested aid is forthcoming
requiem n. a song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person
requiescat n. a prayer for the repose of the soul of a dead person
require v. require as useful, just, or proper; consider obligatory; request and expect; We require our secretary to be on time; make someone do something; have need of
required adj. necessary for relief or supply; required by rule; required reading; required or ordered to
requirement n. required activity; anything indispensable; something that is required in advance
requisite n. anything indispensable@adj. necessary for relief or supply
requisiteness n. the state of being absolutely required
requisition n. an authoritative request; seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized@v. make a formal request for official services
requital n. an act of requiting; returning in kind
requite v. make repayment for or return something
requited adj. returned in kind; requited love
requittal n. a justly deserved penalty
reread v. read anew; read again
rerebrace n. plate armor for the upper arm
reredos n. a painted or carved screen placed above and behind an altar or communion table
rerun n. a program that is broadcast again@v. broadcast again, as of a film; rerun a performance of a play, for example; run again for office: Bush wants to rerun in 1996; cause to perform again
resale n. the selling of something purchased
rescale v. establish on a new scale
reschedule v. assign a new time and place for an event; We had to reschedule the doctor's appointment
rescind v. annul by recalling or rescinding
rescindable adj. capable of being rescinded or voided; the judgment was rescindable
rescinding n. cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made
rescission n. cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made
rescript n. a reply by a Pope to an inquiry concerning a point of law or morality; a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge); the act of rewriting something
rescue n. recovery or preservation from loss or danger; or@v. free from harm or evil; take forcibly from legal custody, as of prisoners
rescued adj. delivered from danger
rescuer n. a person who rescues you from harm or danger; someone who saves something from danger or violence
reseal v. seal again; reseal the bottle after using the medicine
research v. attempt to find out; inquire into@n. systematic investigation to establish facts; a search for knowledge; their pottery deserves more research than it has received
researchable adj. capable of being studied carefully and thoroughly and in detail
researcher n. a scientist who devotes himself to doing research
reseat v. provide with a new seat, as of a chair; provide with new seats, as of a hall; show to a different seat
reseau n. a net or mesh foundation for lace; a network of fine lines used by astronomers as a reference for measurements on star photographs
reseda n. any plant of the genus Reseda
reseed v. seed again or anew; maintain by self-seeding: Some plants reseed themselves indefinitely
resell v. sell (something) again after having bought it
resemblance n. similarity in appearance or external or superficial details
resemble v. appear like; be similar to
resent v. feel bitter or indignant about; wish ill or allow unwillingly
resentful adj. full of or marked by resentment or indignant ill will; resentful at the way he was treated
resentfully adv. with resentment; in a resentful manner; the best doctors would stay resentfully out of the national service, refusing to become the minions of a Minister
resentment n. a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
reserpine n. an alkaloid extracted from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina (trade names Rau-Sed or Sandril or Serpasil) and used to treat hypertension
reservation n. a district that is reserved for particular purpose; a statement that limits or restricts some claim; an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly
reserve v. hold back or set aside, esp. for future use or contingency: reserve: they held back their applause in anticipation.@adj. not engaged in military action; kept in reserve especially for emergency use@n. formality and propriety of manner
reserved adj. set aside for the use of a particular person or party; marked by self-restraint and reticence; cool and formal in manner
reservedly adv. with reserve; in a reserved manner
reserves n. civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army
reservist n. a member of a military reserve
reservoir n. a large or extra supply of something: a reservoir of talent; a lake used to store water for community use; a tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil)
reset v. set anew; set to zero; reset instruments and dials; adjust again after an initial failure@n. device for resetting instruments or controls
resettle v. settle in a new place; The immigrants had to resettle
resettled adj. settled in a new location
resettlement n. the transportation of people (as a family or colony) to a new settlement (as after an upheaval of some kind)
resew v. sew again
resh n. the 20th letter of the Hebrew alphabet
reshape v. shape anew or differently; shape again or shape differently
reshipment n. the act of shipping again (especially by transferring to another ship)
reshoot v. shoot again: We had to reshoot that scene 24 times, as of film
reshuffle n. a redistribution of something; there was a reshuffle of cabinet officers; shuffling (cards) again; the gambler demanded a reshuffle@v. shuffle again; So as to prevent cheating, he was asked to reshuffle the cards
reshuffling n. shuffling (cards) again
reside v. make one's home or live in; live (in a certain place); be inherent or innate in
residence n. a person's legal place of residence; the official house or establishment of an important person (as a sovereign or president); he refused to live in the governor's residence; the act of dwelling in a place; a large and imposing house
residency n. the act of dwelling in a place
resident adj. living in a particular place; resident aliens; used of animals that do not migrate@n. someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
residential adj. used or designed for residence or limited to residences; a residential hotel; of or relating to or connected with residence; a residential requirement for the doctorate
residentially adv. used as a residence
residual adj. relating to or indicating a remainder; residual quantity@n. something left after other parts have been taken away
residuary adj. (law) entitled to the residue of an estate (after payment of debts and specific gifts); the residuary part of the estate; relating to or indicating a remainder
residue n. matter that remains after something has been removed; something left after other parts have been taken away
residuum n. something left after other parts have been taken away
resift v. sift anew
resign v. leave voluntarily; of a job, post or position; accept as inevitable
resignation n. acceptance of despair; the act of resigning; a formal document giving notice of your intention to resign; he submitted his resignation as of next month
resigned adj. (followed by `to') having come to accept; resigned to his fate; showing utter resignation or hopelessness
resignedly adv. with resignation and acceptance; in a resigned manner; resignedly, I telegraphed back that it was all right with me if he insisted; in a hopeless resigned manner
resilience n. the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation; irrepressible liveliness and good spirit
resiliency n. the physical property of a material that can return to its original shape or position after deformation; irrepressible liveliness and good spirit
resilient adj. recovering readily from adversity, depression, or the like; rebounds readily
resin n. any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules
resinate v. impregnate with resin to give a special flavor to, as of some Greek wines
resinated adj. impregnated or flavored with resin; resinated wine
resinoid n. a plastic containing resins
resinous adj. having the characteristics of pitch or tar
resiny adj. having the characteristics of pitch or tar
resist v. elude, esp. in a baffling way; stand up or offer resistance to somebody or something; protest, as against a policy; also metaphorically; withstand the force of something; refuse to comply
resistance n. the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with; he encountered a general feeling of resistance from many citizens; any mechanical force that tends to retard or oppose motion
resistant adj. relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection); incapable of being affected; resistant to persuasion; disposed to or engaged in defiance of established authority
resister n. a disputant who advocates reform
resistible adj. capable of being resisted or withstood or frustrated; a resistible attack
resistive adj. exhibiting or relating to electrical resistance; resistive load; disposed to or engaged in defiance of established authority
resistivity n. a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms
resistless adj. impossible to resist; overpowering; irresistible (or resistless) impulses; offering no resistance; resistless hostages
resistor n. an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical current
resize v. change the size of; make the size more appropriate
resmudge v. smudge again
resole v. put a new sole on
resolute adj. firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination; stood resolute against the enemy; characterized by quickness and firmness
resolutely adv. showing firm determination or purpose; she resolutely refused to look at him or speak to him; with firmness
resoluteness n. the trait of being resolute; firmness of purpose; his resoluteness carried him through the battle
resolution n. a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote; the ability of a microscope or telescope to measure the angular separation of images that are close together
resolvable adj. capable of being settled or resolved; all disputed points are potentially resolvable
resolve n. the trait of being resolute; firmness of purpose; a formal expression by a meeting@v. bring to an end; settle conclusively; reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation; reach a decision; understand the meaning of
resolved adj. determined; she was firmly resolved to be a doctor; explained or answered
resolvent n. a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
resolving n. analysis into clear-cut components
resonance n. an excited state of a stable particle causing a sharp maximum in the probability of absorption of electromagnetic radiation
resonant adj. inducing resonance; resonant frequency; characterized by reverberation; a resonant voice
resonate v. sound with resonance; be received or understood
resonating adj. characterized by reverberation
resonator n. a hollow chamber whose dimensions allow the resonant oscillation of electromagnetic or acoustic waves
resorcinol n. a crystalline phenol obtained from various resins
resort v. have recourse to@n. an area where many people go for recreation; a frequently visited place; something or someone turned to for assistance or security; act of turning to for assistance:; an appeal to his uncle was his last resort
resound v. ring or echo with sound; reverberate; emit a noise
resounding adj. characterized by reverberation
resoundingly adv. in a resounding manner; he then so resoundingly denounced his former friend
resource n. available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed; a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed: the local library is a valuable resource
resourceful adj. having inner resources; adroit or imaginative; someone who is resourceful is capable of dealing with difficult situations
resourcefully adv. in a resourceful manner
resourcefulness n. the quality of being able to cope with a difficult situation: a man of great resourcefulness; the ability to deal resourcefully with unusual problems
resourceless adj. lacking or deficient in natural resources
respect v. regard highly; think much of; show respect towards@n. (usually preceded by `in') a detail or point; it differs in that respect; the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded); an attitude of admiration or esteem
respectability n. honorableness by virtue of being respectable and having a good reputation
respectable adj. worthy of respect; a respectable woman; deserving of esteem and respect; all respectable companies give guarantees; large in amount or extent or degree; a respectable sum
respectably adv. to a tolerably worthy extent; he did respectably well for his age; in a decent and morally reputable manner; the film ends with the middle-aged romancers respectably married
respected adj. receiving deferential regard; a respected family; having or worthy of pride
respecter n. a person who respects someone or something; usually used in the negative: X is no respecter of Y
respectful adj. full of or exhibiting respect; respectful behavior; feeling or manifesting veneration
respectfully adv. in a respectful manner; might I respectfully suggest to the Town Council that they should adopt a policy of masterly inactivity?
respectfulness n. courteous regard for people's feelings
respecting prep. ; in view of or with regard to
respective adj. considered individually; the respective club members
respectively adv. in the order given; the brothers were called Felix and Max, respectively
respects n. (often used with `pay') a formal expression of esteem; he paid his respects to the mayor
respiration n. the process of taking in oxygen from the air and releasing carbon dioxide
respirator n. a device for administering long-term artificial respiration; a mask with a filter protects the face an lungs against poisonous gases
respiratory adj. pertaining to respiration; respiratory assistance
respire v. draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs
respite v. postpone the punishment of a convicted criminal, such as an execution@n. a (temporary) relief from harm or discomfort; a pause from doing something (as work); an interruption in the intensity or amount of something; a pause for relaxation
resplendence n. brilliant radiant beauty
resplendency n. brilliant radiant beauty
resplendent adj. having great beauty and splendor; richly and brilliantly colorful
resplendently adv. in an impressively beautiful manner
respond v. show a response or a reaction to something; reply or respond to; respond favorably or as hoped
respondent adj. replying@n. someone who responds; the defendant (especially in a divorce proceeding who is accused of adultery with the corespondent)
responder n. someone who responds
response n. a result; this situation developed in response to events in Africa; a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some foregoing stimulus or agent
responsibility n. the social force that binds you to your obligations and the courses of action demanded by that force; the proper sphere or extent of your activities
responsible adj. worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable; a responsible adult; being the agent or cause; determined who was the responsible party; having an acceptable credit rating; a responsible borrower
responsibleness n. ability or necessity to answer for or be responsible for one's conduct
responsibly adv. in a responsible manner; we must act responsibly
responsive adj. (religion) containing or using responses or antiphons recited or sung in alternation; responsive reading
responsiveness n. responsive to stimulation
rest n. something left after other parts have been taken away; he threw away the rest@v. not move; be in a resting position; take a short breath; give a rest to; have a place in relation to something else; be at rest
restart v. restart and engine, for example; take up or begin anew
restate v. to say or state again: ,
restatement n. a revised statement
restaurant n. a building where people go to eat
restauranter n. the proprietor of a restaurant
restaurateur n. the proprietor of a restaurant
rested adj. not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing; came back rested from her vacation
restful adj. affording or marked by rest or repose; a restful night
restfully adv. in a restful manner; the streets are restfully sunny and still for the town is at mass
restfulness n. the attribute of being restful; he longed for the restfulness of home
restharrow n. Eurasian plant having loose racemes of pink or purple flowers and spiny stems and tough roots; European woody plant having pink flowers and unifoliolate leaves and long tough roots; spreads by underground runners
restitute v. give, bring, or hand back; restore art works or antiques
restitution n. a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury; the act of restoring something to its original state; getting something back again; upon the restitution of the book to its rightful owner the child was given a tongue lashing
restive adj. being in a tense state; easily upset; impatient especially under restriction or delay; the government has done nothing to ease restrictions and manufacturers are growing restive
restively adv. in a restive manner; he sat down again, restively
restiveness n. the anxious feeling you have when you have the jitters; characterized by nervousness and quickness to take fright
restless adj. unable to relax or be still; a restless child; worried and uneasy; ceaselessly in motion; the restless sea; marked by a lack of quiet; not conducive to rest; spent a restless night
restlessly adv. in a restless manner; he cracked his knuckles restlessly
restlessness n. the quality of being ceaselessly moving or active; the restlessness of the wind; a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay
restock v. stock again
restoration n. the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state; getting something back again; the state of being restored to its former good condition
restorative n. a medicine that strengthens and invigorates; a device for treating injury or disease@adj. tending to impart new life and vigor to; promoting recuperation; restorative effects of exercise
restore v. return to its original condition; return to life; get or give new life or energy; give, bring, or hand back; restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken
restored adj. brought back to original condition; a restored painting
restorer n. a skilled worker who is employed to restore or refinish antique furniture
restrain v. keep under control; place limits on; to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement; hold back; to compel or deter by or as if by threats
restrained adj. cool and formal in manner; under restraint; marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes; restrained in his response; not showy or obtrusive; free from ostentation or pretension; the restrained elegance of the room; prudent
restraint n. the act of restraining; discipline in personal and social activities; he was a model of polite restraint; the state of being constrained; lack of ornamentation; a device that holds someone or something back from action
restrengthen v. make strong again
restrict v. place restrictions on; place under restrictions; limit access to; place limits on; restrict the use of this parking lot; make more specific
restricted adj. subject to restriction or subjected to restriction; of restricted importance; (grammar) restricted in meaning; (as e.g. `man' in `a tall man'); curbed or regulated; the lowest level of official classification for documents
restricting adj. restricting the scope or freedom of action
restriction n. a principle that limits the extent of something; the quality of being limited or restricted; an act of limiting or restricting (as by regulation); the act of restricting by restraint
restrictive adj. serving to restrict; teenagers eager to escape restrictive home environments; (of tariff) protective of national interests by restricting imports
restrictively adv. in a restrictive manner; this relative clause is used restrictively
restrictiveness n. modification that makes the meaning more specific (`red hat' has a more specific meaning than `hat')
restroom n. a toilet that is available to the public
restructure v. structure anew; After his accident, he had to restructure his life
resublime v. sublime once again, as of chemical compounds
resublimed adj. that is sublimed again
resubmit v. submit again, for example, of programming information
result v. issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end; result in tragedy@n. a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem
resultant n. the final point in a process; a vector that is the sum of two or more other vectors@adj. following as an effect or result; the resultant savings were considerable
resulting adj. following as an effect or result; the health of the plants and the resulting flowers
resume n. short descriptive summary (of events); a summary of your academic and work history@v. take up or begin anew; return to a previous location or condition; assume anew; resume a title; give a summary (of)
resumption n. beginning again
resupine adj. lying face upward
resurface v. reappear on the surface; cover with a new surface; appear again
resurgence n. the coming again into activity and prominence
resurgent adj. rising again as to new life and vigor; resurgent nationalism; surging or sweeping back again
resurrect v. cause to become alive again
resurrection n. revival from inactivity and disuse; it produced a resurrection of hope
resurvey n. a new survey or study
resuscitate v. cause to regain consciousness
resuscitated adj. restored to life or consciousness
resuscitation n. a revival of consciousness
resuspend v. put back into suspension, as of particles, in chemistry
resuspension n. a suspension after precipitation
ret v. of flax, hemp, or jute, so as to promote loosening of the fibers form the woody tissue
retail n. the selling of goods to consumers@adj. selling or related to selling direct to the consumer; retail trade@v. sell at the retail level; These gems retail at thousands of dollars each; sell on the retail market@adv. at a retail price
retailer n. a merchant who sells goods at retail
retailing n. the activities involved in selling commodities directly to consumers
retain v. hold on to; hold within; I retain this drug for a long time; allow to remain in a place or position; as to represent; of legal counsel; keep in one's possession; keep in one's mind; I cannot retain so much information
retained adj. continued in your keeping or use or memory; in...the retained pattern of dancers and guests remembered
retainer n. a fee charged for work done; a person working in the service of another
retaining adj. designed for (usually temporary) retention; a retaining wall
retake v. take back by force, as after a battle; capture again, as of an escaped prisoner; shoot again: , as of film; photograph again; Please retake that scene@n. a shot or scene that is photographed again
retaking n. the act of taking something back
retaliate v. take revenge; strike back, as in revenge for an attack
retaliation n. action taken in return for an injury or offense
retaliative adj. of or relating to retaliation
retaliator n. someone who takes vengeance
retaliatory adj. of or relating to retaliation; a retaliatory attack
retard n. a person of subnormal intelligence@v. cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate; This drug will retard your heart rate; slow the growth or development of; lose velocity; move more slowly
retardation n. decrease in velocity; lack of normal development of intellectual capacities; the act of slowing down or falling behind
retarded adj. relatively slow in mental or emotional or physical development; providing a secure and sometimes happy life for the retarded
retch v. eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
retell v. render verbally,; retell a story; make into fiction; to say or state again: ,
retem n. desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista
retention n. the act of keeping in your possession; the power of retaining and recalling past experience; the power of retaining liquid
retentive adj. tending to retain; a retentive memory
retentively adv. in a retentive manner
retentiveness n. the power of retaining and recalling past experience; the property of retaining possessions that have been acquired; the power of retaining liquid
retentivity n. the power of retaining liquid: moisture retentivity of soil
rethink v. change one's mind@n. thinking again about a choice previously made
reticence n. the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering anything more than necessary
reticent adj. temperamentally disinclined to talk; cool and formal in manner; reluctant to draw attention to yourself
reticently adv. with reticence; in a reticent manner; she answered the questions reticently
retick v. sew, as of mattresses
reticle n. a system of fine lines, dots, cross hairs, or wires in the focal plane of the eyepiece of an optical instrument
reticular adj. resembling or forming a network
reticulate v. become reticulated; distribute by a network, as of water or electricity; divide so as to form a network@adj. resembling or forming a network; the reticulate veins of a leaf
reticulated adj. resembling or forming a network; a reticulated highway system
reticulation n. an interconnected or intersecting configuration or system of components
reticule n. a woman's drawstring handbag; usually made of net or beading or brocade; used in 18th and 19th centuries; a system of fine lines, dots, cross hairs, or wires in the focal plane of the eyepiece of an optical instrument
reticulum n. the second compartment of the stomach of a ruminant
retie v. tie again or anew; retie the string and make it si strong enough now
retina n. the light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve
retinal adj. in or relating to the retina of the eye; retinal cells@n. either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from Rhodopsin by the action of light
retinene n. either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from Rhodopsin by the action of light
retinitis n. inflammation of the retina
retinol n. an unsaturated alcohol that occurs in marine fish-liver oils and is synthesized biologically from carotene
retinue n. the group following and attending to some important person
retire v. go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position; withdraw from active participation; pull back or move away or backward; move back and away from
retired adj. no longer active in your work or profession; honorably retired from assigned duties and retaining your title along with the additional title `emeritus' as in; retired from `assigned duties' does not necessarily imply that one is inactive
retiree n. someone who has retired from active working
retirement n. the state of being retired from one's business or occupation; withdrawal from your position or occupation; withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation
retiring adj. not blatant or overly aggressive in manner or appearance; a retiring disposition; moving toward a position farther from the front; retiring fogs revealed the rocky coastline; not arrogant or presuming; a shy retiring girl
retool v. revise or reorganize, esp. for the purpose of updating and improving; We must retool the town's economy; provide with new tools; as in a workshop or factory
retort n. a reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one); a vessel where substances are distilled or decomposed by heat@v. answer back
retouch v. give retouches to; of hair; retouch the roots; alter so as to produce a more desirable appearance
retrace v. to go back over again, as of a route or steps: we retraced the route we took last summer.; of past events
retract v. reject; shrink back, as in fear; as of a plane's landing gear
retractable adj. capable of being retracted; retractable landing gear
retracted adj. drawn back and in; a cat with retracted claws
retractile adj. capable of retraction; capable of being drawn back; cats have retractile claws
retraction n. a disavowal of a previous assertion
retractor n. holds back the edges of a surgical incision
retraining n. training for a new occupation
retral adj. moving or directed or tending in a backward direction or contrary to a previous direction; at or near or toward the posterior
retranslate v. translate again
retransmit v. transmit again
retread n. an automobile tire that has been retreaded@v. use again in altered form; retread an old plot; give new treads to (a tire)
retreat n. (military) withdrawal to a more favorable position; a place of privacy; a place affording peace and quiet@v. pull back or move away or backward; move away, as for privacy; move back
retreatant n. a participant in a religious retreat
retreated n. people who have retreated; he had only contempt for the retreated
retreating adj. moving back or away
retrench v. tighten one's belt; use resources carefully; make a reduction, as in one's workforce; The company had to retrench
retrenchment n. an additional interior fortification to prolong the defense; the reduction of expenditures in order to become financial stable
retrial n. a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors
retribution n. a justly deserved penalty; the act of correcting for your wrongdoing; the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life; the swiftness of divine retribution
retributive adj. of or relating to or having the nature of retribution; retributive justice demands an eye for an eye; given or inflicted in requital according to merits or deserts; retributive justice
retributory adj. of or relating to or having the nature of retribution; given or inflicted in requital according to merits or deserts
retrievable adj. capable of being regained especially with effort; he believed the information was retrievable
retrieval n. (computer science) the operation of accessing information from the computer's memory; the cognitive operation of accessing information in memory; my retrieval of people's names is very poor
retrieve v. get or find back; recover the use of; of trained dogs; recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection
retriever n. a dog with heavy water-resistant coat that can be trained to retrieve game
retroactive adj. affecting things past; retroactive tax increase
retroactively adv. after the fact; he will get paid retroactively
retroflection n. an articulatory gesture made by turning the tip of the tongue back against the roof of the mouth; the act of bending backward
retroflex adj. bent or curved backward; (linguistics) pronounced with the tip of the tongue turned back toward the hard palate
retroflexed adj. bent or curved backward
retroflexion n. an articulatory gesture made by turning the tip of the tongue back against the roof of the mouth; the act of bending backward
retrograde v. move backward in an orbit, of celestial bodies; move in a direction contrary to the usual one; of stars and planets; move back; go back over@adj. (astronomy) moving from east to west on the celestial sphere
retrogress v. get worse; fall back to a previous or worse condition; go back to bad behavior
retrogression n. passing from a more complex to a simpler biological form; returning to a former state
retrogressive adj. going from better to worse
retrorocket n. a small rocket engine on a larger rocket or spacecraft that is fired to slow or alter its course
retrorse adj. (biology) bent or curved backward or downward; leaves with retrorse barbs
retrospect n. contemplation of things past; in retrospect@v. look back upon (a period of time, sequence of events, etc.); remember
retrospection n. memory for experiences that are past; some psychologists tried to contrast retrospection and introspection
retrospective adj. concerned with or related to the past; retrospective self-justification@n. an exhibition of a representative selection of an artist's life work
retrospectively adv. in a manner contemplative of past events; retrospectively, he seems like a great artist
retrousse adj. (used of noses) turned up at the end; a retrousse nose
retroversion n. returning to a former state
retrovirus n. any of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion and reverse transcriptase (RNA to DNA)
retrovision n. a vision of events in the distant past
retry v. hear or try a court case anew
retsina n. Greek wine flavored with resin
return n. document giving the tax collector information about the taxpayer's tax liability@v. come back to place where one has been before, or return to a previous activity; give back; go back to a previous state; go back to something earlier
returnable adj. that may be returned; returnable bottles and cans
returning adj. tending to return to an earlier state; tending to be turned back
reune v. have a reunion; unite again
reunification n. the act of coming together again
reunify v. unify again, as of a country; Will Korea reunify?
reunion n. a party of former associates who have come together again; the act of coming together again
reunite v. have a reunion; unite again; unify again, as of a country
reuptake n. a process of using up or consuming again; psychopharmacologists discovered that amine reuptake is a process that inactivates monoamine neurotransmitters
reusable adj. not designed to be thrown away after use; possible to use again
reuse v. use again after processing
rev v. increase the number of rotations per minute; rev up an engine@n. rate of revolution of a motor
revaluation n. a new appraisal or evaluation
revalue v. gain in value, as of a currency; value anew, as of a currency or an asset
revamp v. to patch up or renovate; repair or restore; provide with a new vamp
reveal v. make visible; make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret; The actress won't reveal how old she is; make clear and visible
revealed adj. no longer concealed; uncovered as by opening a curtain; `discovered' is archaic and primarily a theater term
revealing adj. disclosing unintentionally; showing or making known; her dress was scanty and revealing@n. making something evident
reveille n. (military) signal to wake up; a signal to get up in the morning; in the military it is a bugle call at sunrise
revel v. take delight in; celebrate noisily; engage in uproarious festivities; be ecstatic with joy@n. unrestrained merrymaking
revelation n. making something evident; an enlightening or astonishing disclosure
revelatory adj. prophetic of devastation or ultimate doom; (usually followed by `of') giving expression to
reveler n. one who shares in a noisy festival
reveller n. one who shares in a noisy festival
revelry n. unrestrained merrymaking
revenge v. take revenge; take vengeance or revenge for a wrong@n. action taken in return for an injury or offense
revengeful adj. disposed to seek revenge or intended for revenge
revengefully adv. in a vindictive, revengeful manner
revenue n. the entire amount of income before any deductions are made; government income due to taxation
reverberance n. having the character of a loud deep sound
reverberant adj. having a tendency to reverberate or be repeatedly reflected; a reverberant room
reverberate v. ring or echo with sound; reverberate
reverberating adj. characterized by reverberation
reverberation n. the persistence of a sound after its source has stopped
reverberative adj. characterized by reverberation
revere v. love unquestioningly and uncritically; be in awe of@n. a lapel on a woman's garment; turned back to show the reverse side
revered adj. profoundly honored; revered holy men; worthy of adoration or reverence
reverence v. be in awe of@n. a profound fear inspired by a deity; a reverent mental attitude
reverenced adj. worthy of adoration or reverence
reverend n. a spiritual leader of the Christian Church@adj. worthy of adoration or reverence
reverent adj. feeling or showing profound respect or veneration; maintained a reverent silence; showing great reverence for god
reverential adj. feeling or manifesting veneration
reverentially adv. with reverence; in a reverent manner
reverently adv. with reverence; in a reverent manner; he gazed reverently at the handiwork
reverie n. absent-minded dreaming while awake; an abstracted state of absorption
revers n. a lapel on a woman's garment; turned back to show the reverse side
reversal n. a change from one state to the opposite state; there was a reversal of autonomic function; an unfortunate happening that hinders of impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating
reverse adj. directed or moving toward the rear@n. a relation of direct opposition; we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true; the gears by which the motion of a machine can be reversed@v. change to the contrary
reversed adj. turned inside out and resewn; the reversed collar looked as good as new; turned about in order or relation
reversely adv. in an opposite way; so as to be reversed
reversibility n. the quality of being reversible in either direction
reversible n. a reversible garment (especially a coat)@adj. capable of reversing or being reversed; reversible hypertension; capable of being reversed or used with either side out; a reversible jacket; capable of being reversed
reversibly adv. (chemistry; physics) in a reversible manner; reversibly convertible
reversion n. (law) an interest in an estate that reverts to the grantor (or his heirs) at the end of some period (e.g., the death of the grantee); a reappearance of an earlier characteristic; turning in the opposite direction
reversionary adj. of or relating to or involving a reversion (especially a legal reversion); reversionary annuity
reversioner n. (law) a party who is entitled to an estate in reversion
reversionist n. someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior
reversive adj. tending to be turned back
revert v. go back to a previous state
revertible adj. (law) to be returned to the former owner or that owner's heirs
reverting adj. tending to return to an earlier state@n. a failure to maintain a higher state
revery n. an abstracted state of absorption; absent-minded dreaming while awake
revetement n. a facing (usually masonry) that supports an embankment
revetment n. a barrier against explosives; a facing (usually masonry) that supports an embankment
review n. a new appraisal or evaluation@v. look at again; examine again; appraise critically; hold a review (of troops); refresh one's memory; look back upon (a period of time, sequence of events, etc.); remember@adj. contemplative of things past
reviewer n. someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication; a writer who reports and analyzes events of the day
revile v. spread negative information about
reviled adj. assailed with contemptuous language
revilement n. a rude expression intended to offend or hurt
revisal n. the act of rewriting something
revise n. the act of rewriting something@v. make revisions in; revise a thesis; revise or reorganize, esp. for the purpose of updating and improving
revised adj. improved or brought up to date; a revised edition; altered or revised by rephrasing or by adding or deleting material
reviser n. someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication
revising n. editing that involves writing something again
revision n. the act of transforming; it would require a drastic revision of his opinion; the act of rewriting something; something that has been written again
revisionism n. any dangerous departure from the teachings of Marx; a moderate evolutionary form of Marxism
revisionist n. a Communist who tries to rewrite Marxism to justify a retreat from the revolutionary position
revisit v. visit again
revitalisation n. the coming again into activity and prominence
revitalization n. the coming again into activity and prominence
revitalize v. restore strength; give new life or vigor to
revitalized adj. restored to new life and vigor; a revitalized economy
revitalizing adj. tending to impart new life and vigor to
revival n. the coming again into activity and prominence; an evangelistic meeting; the conversion of waste land into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation
revivalism n. an attempt to reawaken the evangelical faith
revivalist n. a preacher of the Christian gospel
revivalistic adj. (religion) of or relating to or characterizing revivalism
revive v. cause to regain consciousness; give new life or energy to; A hot soup will revive me; be brought back to life, consciousness, or strength; restore from a depressed, inactive, or unused state; return to consciousness
revived adj. restored to consciousness or life or vigor; felt revived hope; given fresh life or vigor or spirit; stirred by revived hopes
revivification n. the coming again into activity and prominence
revivify v. give new life or energy to
reviving adj. tending to impart new life and vigor to
revocable adj. capable of being revoked or annulled; a revocable order
revocation n. the act (by someone having the authority) of annulling something previously done; the revocation of a law
revokable adj. capable of being revoked or annulled
revoke v. annul by recalling or rescinding@n. the mistake of not following suit when able to do so
revolt n. organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another@v. make revolution; fill with distaste; cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of
revolting adj. highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust; revolting food
revoltingly adv. in a disgusting manner or to a disgusting degree
revolution n. a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving; the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution; the overthrow of a government by those who are governed; a complete turn
revolutionary n. a radical supporter of political or social revolution@adj. markedly new or introducing radical change; a revolutionary discovery; relating to or having the nature of a revolution; revolutionary wars
revolutionist n. a radical supporter of political or social revolution
revolutionize v. change radically; overthrow by a revolution, of governments; fill with revolutionary ideas
revolve v. turn on or around an axis or a center; move in an orbit, as of celestial bodies; to rotate or cause to rotate
revolved adj. turned in a circle around an axis
revolver n. a pistol with a revolving cylinder having six chambers for bullets
revolving adj. turning about an axis
revue n. a variety show with topical sketches and songs and dancing and comedians
revulsion n. intense aversion
reward v. bestow honor upon; strengthen and support with rewards; bestow a reward upon; show appreciation to@n. a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing; virtue is its own reward; payment made in return for a service rendered
rewardable adj. appropriate for receiving a reward
rewardful adj. offering or productive of reward; rewardful pursuits
rewarding adj. providing personal satisfaction; a rewarding career as a paramedic
rewire v. provide with new wiring
reword v. express the same message in different words
rewording n. changing a particular word or phrase
rework v. use again in altered form
rewrite n. something that has been written again; the rewrite was much better@v. write differently; alter the writing of; rewrite so as to make fit to suit a new or different purpose
rewriter n. someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication
rewriting n. editing that involves writing something again
rhabdovirus n. any of a group of RNA viruses including those causing rabies
rhapsodic adj. feeling great rapture or delight
rhapsodically adv. in an ecstatic manner
rhapsodize v. recite a rhapsody; say (something) with great enthusiasm
rhapsody n. an epic poem adapted for recitation
rhea n. smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Straits of Magellan; larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia
rhenium n. a rare heavy polyvalent metallic element that resembles manganese chemically and is used in some alloys; is obtained as a by-product in refining molybdenum
rhennish n. any of several white wines from the Rhine River valley in Germany (`hock' is British usage)
rheologic adj. (physics) of or relating to rheology
rheological adj. (physics) of or relating to rheology
rheology n. the branch of physics that studies the deformation and flow of matter
rheostat n. for regulating current
rhesus n. of southern Asia; used in medical research
rhetoric n. using language effectively to please or persuade; high_flown style; excessive use of verbal ornamentation; loud and confused and empty talk; mere rhetoric
rhetorical adj. of or relating to rhetoric; concerned with effect or style of writing and speaking; a rhetorical question is one asked solely to produce an effect (especially to make an assertion) rather than to elicit a reply
rhetorically adv. in a rhetorical manner; `What can be done?' he asked rhetorically
rhetorician n. a person who delivers a speech or oration
rheum n. a watery discharge from the mucous membranes especially of the eyes or nose -- rheumy adj.
rheumatic adj. of or pertaining to arthritis@n. a person suffering with rheumatism
rheumatism n. any painful disorder of the joints or muscles or connective tissues; a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities
rheumatoid adj. of or pertaining to arthritis
rheumatologist n. a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases
rheumatology n. the branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of pathologies of the muscles or tendons or joints
rhinal adj. of or in or relating to the nose
rhinestone n. an imitation diamond made from rock crystal or glass or paste
rhinitis n. an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the nose (usually associated with nasal discharge)
rhino n. massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed_ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout
rhinoceros n. massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed_ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout
rhinoplasty n. cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose
rhinotracheitis n. an respiratory infection of the nose and throat in cattle
rhizoctinia n. any fungus now or formerly belonging to the form genus Rhizoctinia
rhizoid n. any of various slender filaments that function as roots in mosses and ferns and fungi etc
rhizome n. a horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure
rhizomorph n. a dense mass of hyphae forming a rootlike structure characteristic of many fungi
rhizopod n. protozoa characterized by a pseudopod
rhizopodan n. protozoa characterized by a pseudopod
rhizopus n. any of various rot-causing fungi of the genus Rhizopus
rho n. the 17th letter of the Greek alphabet
rhodanthe n. Australian annual everlasting having light pink nodding flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Helipterum
rhodium n. a white hard metallic element that is one of the platinum group and is found in platinum ores; used in alloys with platinum
rhodochrosite n. a mineral consisting of manganese carbonate; a source of manganese
rhododendron n. any shrub of the genus Rhododendron: evergreen shrubs or small shrubby trees having leathery leaves and showy clusters of campanulate (bell-shaped) flowers
rhodopsin n. a red pigment in the retinal rods of vertebrates; dissociates into retinene by light
rhomb n. a parallelogram with four equal sides; an oblique-angled equilateral parallelogram
rhombencephalon n. the posterior portion of the brain including cerebellum and pons and medulla oblongata
rhombic adj. resembling a rhombus
rhombohedral adj. (crystallography) having three-fold symmetry
rhombohedron n. a parallelepiped bounded by six similar faces (either rhombuses or parallelograms)
rhomboid n. a parallelogram with adjacent sides of unequal lengths; an oblique-angled parallelogram with only the opposite sides equal@adj. shaped like a rhombus or rhomboid
rhomboidal adj. shaped like a rhombus or rhomboid; rhomboidal shapes
rhombus n. a parallelogram with four equal sides; an oblique-angled equilateral parallelogram
rhonchus n. the rattling noise produced when snoring
rhubarb n. long pinkish sour leafstalks usually eaten cooked and sweetened; plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous
rhumb n. a line on a sphere that cuts all meridians at the same angle; the path taken by a ship or plane that maintains a constant compass direction
rhumba n. syncopated music in duple time for dancing the rumba@v. dance the rhumba
rhyme v. compose rhymes@n. correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (esp. final sounds); a piece of poetry
rhymed adj. having corresponding sounds especially terminal sounds; rhymed verse
rhymeless adj. not having rhyme
rhyming adj. having corresponding sounds especially terminal sounds; rhyming words
rhymster n. a term of contempt for a poor poet; a maker of poor verses
rhyolite n. very acid volcanic rock
rhythm n. the basic rhythmic unit in a piece of music; the piece has a fast rhythm; recurring at regular intervals; the rhythm of the seasons; an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs
rhythmic adj. recurring with measured regularity
rhythmical adj. recurring with measured regularity; rhythmical prose
rhythmically adv. in a rhythmic manner; the chair rocked rhythmically back and forth
rhythmicity n. the rhythmic property imparted by the accents and relative durations of notes in a piece of music
rhytidectomy n. an operation to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face
rhytidoplasty n. an operation to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face
rial n. the basic unit of money in Iran
riant adj. showing or feeling mirth or pleasure or happiness
riata n. a long noosed rope used to catch animals
rib v. form vertical ribs by knitting; subject to laughter or ridicule@n. something resembling the rib of an animal; any of 24 curved arches of bone extending from the spine to or toward the sternum in man and a similar bone in most vertebrates
ribald adj. humorously vulgar; ribald language@n. a ribald person; someone who uses vulgar and offensive language
ribaldry n. ribald humor; behavior or language bordering on indelicacy
riband n. a ribbon used as a decoration
ribband n. a ribbon used as a decoration
ribbed adj. furnished or strengthened with ribs; (of the surface of shells) having a rough, rib-like texture
ribbing n. a framework of ribs
ribbon n. any long object resembling a thin line; a mere ribbon of land; an award for winning a championship; a long strip of inked material for making characters on paper with a typewriter; a narrow strip of fine material used for trimming
ribbonfish n. thin deep-water tropical fish 20 to 30 feet long having a red dorsal fin; marine fish having a long compressed ribbon-like body
ribbonlike adj. long and thin; resembling a ribbon; ribbonlike noodles
ribbonwood n. deciduous New Zealand tree whose inner bark yields a strong flax-like fiber called New Zealand cotton
ribbony adj. long and thin; resembling a ribbon
ribgrass n. an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions
ribier n. dark reddish-purple table grape of California
ribless adj. having no ribs or no visible ribs
riblike adj. resembling a rib
riboflavin n. a B vitamin that prevents skin lesions and weight loss
ribose n. a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid
ribosome n. organelle in the cytoplasm of a living cell that is composed of ribonucleic acid; the ribosome is the site of protein synthesis
ribwort n. an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions
rice n. grains used as food either unpolished or more often polished; annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper
ricebird n. migratory American songbird; small finch-like Indonesian weaverbird that frequents rice fields
ricegrass n. any grass of the genus Oryzopsis
rich adj. possessing material wealth; her father is extremely rich; having an abundant supply of desirable qualities or substances (especially natural resources); blessed with a land rich in minerals
riches n. an abundance of material possessions and resources
richly adv. to an ample degree or in an ample manner; we benefited richly; in a rich manner; in a rich and lavish manner
richness n. the property of being extremely abundant; abundant wealth; the property of a sound that has a rich and pleasing timbre; the property of producing abundantly and sustaining growth; he praised the richness of the soil
richweed n. erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States; a plants of the genus Pilea having drooping green flower clusters and smooth translucent stems and leaves
ricin n. a toxic protein extracted from castor beans; used as a chemical reagent
rick v. pile in ricks, as of hay; twist suddenly so as to sprain@n. a painful muscle spasm especially in the neck or back (`rick' and `wrick' are British); a stack of hay
ricketiness n. the quality of being unstable and insecure
rickets n. childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
rickettsia n. any of a group of parasitic microorganisms that live in arthropods (as ticks and mites) and can cause disease if transmitted to human beings
rickettsial adj. relating to or caused by rickettsias
rickettsias n. rod-shaped microorganisms resembling both bacteria and viruses; live in biting arthropods and cause disease in vertebrate hosts
rickety adj. inclined to shake as from weakness or defect; a rickety table
rickey n. made of sweetened lime juice and soda water usually with liquor
rickrack n. a narrow zigzag ribbon used as trimming
ricksha n. a small two-wheeled cart for one passenger; pulled by one person
rickshaw n. a small two-wheeled cart for one passenger; pulled by one person
ricochet n. a glancing rebound@v. spring back; spring away from an impact
ricotta n. soft Italian cheese like cottage cheese
ricrac n. a narrow zigzag ribbon used as trimming
rictus n. a gaping grimace
rid adj. (usually followed by `of') released from something onerous (especially an obligation or duty); well rid of him@v. relieve from
riddance n. the act of removing or getting rid of something; the act of expelling someone
ridden adj. (used in combination) dominated or obsessed by; grief-ridden
riddle v. pierce many times; set a riddle; separate with a riddle, as grain from chaff; speak in riddles; explain a riddle@n. a difficult problem; a coarse sieve (as for gravel)
riddled adj. (often followed by `with') damaged throughout by numerous perforations or holes; a sweater riddled with moth holes; spread throughout; cities riddled with corruption
ride n. a journey in a vehicle driven by someone else@v. sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions; Did you ever ride a camel?; be carried or travel on or in a vehicle; I ride to work in a bus
rider n. a traveler who rides (as on a horse or bicycle); a clause that is appended to a legislative bill; a person traveling in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it
riderless adj. (of a horse) having no rider
ridge n. a long narrow natural elevation or striation; any long raised strip; a long narrow range of hills@v. extend in ridges; plough alternate strips by throwing the furrow onto an unploughed strip; through soil toward (a crop row) from both sides
ridged adj. having a ridge or shaped like a ridge or the keel of a ship; having or shaped like a carina or keel
ridgel n. a colt with undescended testicles
ridgeling n. a colt with undescended testicles
ridgepole n. a beam laid along the ridge of a roof; provides attachment for upper end of rafters
ridgil n. a colt with undescended testicles
ridgling n. a colt with undescended testicles
ridicule v. subject to laughter or ridicule@n. exposing someone to laughter
ridiculous adj. inspiring scornful pity; so devoid of wisdom or good sense as to be laughable; her conceited assumption of universal interest in her rather dull children was ridiculous; broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce
ridiculously adv. so as to arouse or deserve laughter
ridiculousness n. a message whose content is at variance with reason
riding adj. traveling by wheeled vehicle such as bicycle or automobile e.g.; the riding public welcomed the new buses@n. riding a horse as a sport; riding a horse as a means of transportation
ridley n. a marine turtle
riel n. the basic unit of money in Cambodia; equal to 100 sen
rife adj. encountered generally especially at the present time; speculation concerning the books author was rife; excessively abundant
riff n. a jazz ostinato; usually provides a background for a solo improvisation@v. look through a book or other written material
riffle n. a small wave on the surface of a liquid; shuffling by splitting the pack and interweaving the two halves at their corners@v. twitch or flutter; look through a book or other written material; stir up (water) so as to form ripples
riffraff n. disparaging terms for the common people
rifle v. steal goods; take as spoils; go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way@n. a shoulder weapon with a long barrel and a rifled bore; he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired
riflebird n. velvety black Australian bird of paradise with green and purple iridescence on head and tail
rifled adj. of a firearm; having rifling or internal spiral grooves inside the barrel
rifleman n. someone skilled in the use of a rifle; a soldier whose weapon is a rifle
rifling n. the cutting of spiral grooves on the inside of the barrel of a firearm
rift n. a gap between cloud masses; the sun shone through a rift in the clouds; a narrow fissure in rock; a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions)
rig n. equipment, including necessary machinery, for a particular enterprise; arrangement of masts, spars, sails, etc., on a vessel@v. arrange the outcome of by means of deceit; of elections; manipulate in a fraudulent manner; of prices
rigamarole n. a set of confused and meaningless statements; a long and complicated and confusing procedure
rigatoni n. tubular pasta in short ribbed pieces
rigged adj. (nautical) fitted or equipped with necessary rigging (sails and shrouds and stays etc)
rigger n. someone who rigs; he is an oil rigger; a long slender pointed sable brush used by artists
rigging n. ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails; arrangement of masts, spars, sails, etc., on a vessel
right v. make reparations or amends for@adj. being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north@n. an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition@adv. precisely
righteous adj. characterized by or proceeding from accepted standards of morality or justice; morally justified; righteous indignation
righteously adv. in a righteous manner; righteously indignant
righteousness n. adhering to moral principles
rightfield n. the part of the outfield on the catcher's right
rightful adj. legally valid; a rightful inheritance; having a legally established claim
rightfully adv. by right; baseball rightfully is the nation's pastime
rightfulness n. anything in accord with principles of justice; the rightfulness of his claim
rightish adj. tending toward the political right
rightist adj. believing in or supporting tenets of the political right@n. a member of a right wing political party
rightly adv. with honesty; he was rightly considered the greatest singer of his time
rightness n. according with conscience or morality; appropriate conduct; doing the right thing; conformity to fact or truth; conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety
rigid adj. incapable of or resistant to bending; a rigid strip of metal; incapable of compromise or flexibility; incapable of adapting or changing to meet circumstances; a rigid disciplinarian
rigidify v. become rigid; make rigid; rigidify the training schedule
rigidity n. the physical property of being stiff and resisting bending; the quality of being rigid and rigorously severe
rigidly adv. in a rigid manner; the body was rigidly erect
rigidness n. the physical property of being stiff and resisting bending
rigmarole n. a set of confused and meaningless statements; a long and complicated and confusing procedure; all that academic rigmarole was a waste of time
rigor n. something hard to endure; the quality of being logically valid
rigorous adj. rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard; rigorous application of the law; demanding strict attention to rules and procedures; rigorous discipline
rigorously adv. in a rigorous manner; he had been trained rigorously by the monks
rigorousness n. something hard to endure
rigour n. the quality of being logically valid; something hard to endure
rigout n. a person's attire (especially if bizarre); What a queer rigout!
rile v. cause annoyance in; disturb, esp. by minor irritations; make turbid by stirring up the sediments of
riled adj. aroused to impatience or anger; riled no end by his lies
rilievo n. sculpture in which the figures are raised above a surrounding flat plane
rill n. a small channel (as one formed by soil erosion); a small stream
rim v. run around the rim of@n. the shape of a raised edge of a more or less circular object; the outer part of a wheel to which the tire is attached; used for strength or for attaching to another object; the top edge of a vessel
rime n. ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside); correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (esp. final sounds)@v. compose rhymes
rimed adj. having corresponding sounds especially terminal sounds; covered with frost
rimeless adj. not having rhyme
rimfire adj. (of a cartridge) fired by striking the rim of the base
riming adj. having corresponding sounds especially terminal sounds
rimless adj. lacking a rim or frame; rimless glasses
rimmed adj. having a rim or a rim of a specified kind; do you wear rimmed or rimless glasses?
rimu n. tall New Zealand timber tree
rimy adj. covered with frost
rind n. the tissue forming the hard outer layer of e.g. a fruit; a hard outer covering or skin on food
rinderpest n. an acute infectious viral disease of cattle (usually fatal); characterized by fever and diarrhea and inflammation of mucous membranes
ring v. make a ringing sound; ring or echo with sound; reverberate; make ring, as of bells etc.; be around; get or try to get into communication by telephone; attach a ring to@n. a characteristic sound; it has the ring of sincerity; a toroidal shape
ringdove n. grayish Old World turtledove with a black band around the neck; often caged; Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck
ringed adj. shaped like a ring; wearing a wedding ring; lawfully married; adorned or crowned with a circlet; sometimes used as combining forms; ringed round with daisies
ringer n. (informal) a person who is almost identical to another; a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
ringgit n. the basic unit of money in Malaysia; equal to 100 sen
ringhals n. highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet
ringing n. the sound of a bell ringing; the ringing of the telephone; the giving of a ring as a token of engagement; having the character of a loud deep sound@adj. having a tendency to reverberate or be repeatedly reflected
ringleader n. a person who leads (especially in illicit activities)
ringlet n. a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles; a strand or cluster of hair
ringleted adj. in ringlets
ringlike adj. having the shape of a ring
ringmaster n. the person in charge of performances in a circus ring
ringside n. first row of seats; has an unobstructed view of a boxing or wrestling ring
ringtail n. raccoon-like omnivorous mammal of Mexico and the southwestern United States having a long bushy tail with black and white rings; North American raccoon; monkey of Central and South America having a cowl of thick hair on the head
ringworm n. infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches
rink n. contains a surface for ice skating or roller skating
rinkhals n. highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet
rinse n. a liquid preparation used on wet hair to it a tint; the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing; the act of giving a light tint to the hair@v. wash off soap or remaining dirt; clean with some chemical process
rinsing n. the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing
riot n. a public act of violence by an unruly mob; a state of disorder involving group violence; a joke that seems extremely funny@v. take part in a riot; disturb the public peace by engaging in a riot
rioter n. someone who participates in a violent disturbance of the peace
rioting n. a state of disorder involving group violence
riotous adj. produced or growing in extreme abundance; their riotous blooming; characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination; riotous times; unrestrained by convention or morality; riotous living
riotously adv. in a tumultuous and riotous manner; in an exuberant manner
rip n. a dissolute man in fashionable society; an opening made forcibly as by pulling apart; there was a rip in his pants; a stretch of turbulent water in the sea@v. tear or be torn violently; move precipitously or violently; cut (wood) along the grain
riparian adj. of or relating to or located on the banks of a river or stream; riparian land
ripcord n. a cord that is pulled to open the gasbag of a balloon wide enough to release gas and so causes the balloon to descend; a cord that is pulled to open a parachute from its pack during a descent
ripe adj. fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used; ripe peaches; fully prepared or eager; the colonists were ripe for revolution; most suitable or right for a particular purpose; the time is ripe for great sociological changes
ripely adv. with mature or developed appearance
ripen v. cause to ripen; grow ripe; The plums ripen in July
ripened adj. of wines, fruit, cheeses; having reached a desired or final condition; (`aged' pronounced as one syllable)
ripeness n. the state of being ripe
ripening n. coming to full development; becoming mature; acquiring desirable qualities by being left undisturbed for some time
riposte n. a reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)@v. answer back
ripped adj. shattered or torn up or torn apart violently as by e.g. wind or lightning or explosive
ripper n. a murderer who slashes the victims with a knife; Jack the ripper was probably a madman
ripping adj. resembling a sound of violent tearing as of something ripped apart or lightning splitting a tree; the tree split with a great ripping sound
ripple v. stir up (water) so as to form ripples; make a babbling, gurgling sound, as of water@n. a small wave on the surface of a liquid; (electronics) an oscillation of small amplitude imposed on top of a steady value
rippled adj. having wrinkles or waves; shaken into waves or undulations as by wind; the rippled surface of the pond
rippling n. a small wave on the surface of a liquid
ripsaw n. a handsaw for cutting with the grain of the wood
riptide n. a stretch of turbulent water in the sea; a strong surface current flowing outwards from a shore
rise v. move upward; increase in value; as of prices or numbers; rise to one's feet; rise up; come to the surface; come into existence or develop@n. a growth in strength or number or importance; the act of changing location in an upward direction
risen adj. (of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon; the risen sun
riser n. the vertical part of a stair or step
risibility n. a disposition to laugh
risible adj. arousing or provoking laughter; risible courtroom antics
rising adj. advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status; a rising trend; (of a heavenly body) becoming visible above the horizon; the rising sun; increasing in amount or degree@n. a movement upward
risk v. expose to a chance of loss or damage; Why risk your life?; take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome@n. a source of danger; a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury
riskily adv. in a dangerously risky manner; he lost the game by playing too riskily
riskiness n. a state of danger involving risk
risking n. the act of gambling
riskless adj. thought to be devoid of risk
risklessness n. safety as a consequence of entailing no risk
risky adj. involving risk or danger; extremely risky going out in the tide and fog; not financially safe or secure; anything that promises to pay too much can't help being risky
risotto n. rice cooked with broth and sprinkled with grated cheese
risque adj. suggestive of sexual impropriety; a risque story
rissole n. minced cooked meat or fish coated in egg and breadcrumbs and fried in deep fat
ritardando adj. gradually decreasing in tempo
rite n. an established ceremony prescribed by a religion; the rite of baptism; any customary observance or practice
ritenuto adj. gradually decreasing in tempo
ritual adj. of or relating to or characteristic of religious rituals; ritual killing; of or relating to or employed in social rites or rituals@n. any customary observance or practice; the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies
ritualism n. the study of religious or magical rites and ceremonies; exaggerated emphasis on the importance of rites or ritualistic forms in worship
ritualist n. an advocate of strict observance of ritualistic forms; a social anthropologist who is expert on rites and ceremonies
ritualistic adj. of or characterized by or adhering to ritualism; a feudal or ritualistic society
ritualize v. make or evolve into a ritual
ritually adv. in a ceremonial manner
ritzy adj. (informal) luxuriously elegant
rival n. the contestant you hope to defeat@adj. being in competition; rival suitors@v. be equal to in quality or ability; Nothing can rival cotton for durability; be the rival of, be in competition with; No city can rival Venice in beauty
rivalrous adj. eager to surpass others
rivalry n. the act of competing as for profit or a prize
rive v. tear or be torn violently; separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument
river n. a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek); the river was navigable for 50 miles
riverbank n. the bank of a river
riverbed n. a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a river
riverside n. the bank of a river
rivet v. focus one's attention on something; fasten with a rivet or rivets@n. circular rounded protuberance (as on a vault or shield or belt)
riveter n. a worker who inserts and hammers rivets; a machine for driving rivets
riveting adj. capable of arousing and holding the attention
rivetter n. a worker who inserts and hammers rivets; a machine for driving rivets
rivulet n. a small stream
rivulus n. found in small streams of tropical America; often kept in aquariums; usually hermaphroditic
riyal n. the basic unit of money in Saudi Arabia; the basic unit of money in Qatar
roach n. the butt of a marijuana cigarette; any of numerous chiefly nocturnal insects; some are domestic pests; European freshwater food fish having a greenish back
road n. an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation; a way or means to achieve something; the road to fame@adj. taking place over public roads; road racing; working for a short time in different places; a road show
roadability n. the qualities wanted in an automobile on the road
roadbed n. a foundation of earth or rock supporting a road
roadblock n. any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective; a barrier set up by police to stop traffic on a street or road in order to catch a fugitive or inspect traffic etc.
roadbook n. a guidebook describing the roads of a country; contains maps and (sometimes) a gazetteer
roadhog n. a driver who obstructs others
roadhouse n. an inn (usually outside city limits on a main road) providing meals and liquor and dancing and (sometimes) gambling
roadless adj. lacking pathways; roadless areas
roadman n. a salesman who travels to call on customers; a worker who repairs roads
roadrunner n. speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas
roads n. a partly sheltered anchorage
roadside n. edge of a way or road or path
roadstead n. a partly sheltered anchorage
roadster n. an open automobile having a front seat and a rumble seat; a small lightweight carriage; drawn by a single horse
roadway n. especially that part of a road over which vehicles travel
roadworthiness n. (of motor vehicles) the quality of being fit to drive on the open road
roadworthy adj. (of vehicles) fit to be driven on the open road; a roadworthy truck
roam v. wander about aimlessly
roamer n. someone who leads a wandering unsettled life
roan n. a soft sheepskin leather that is colored and finished to resemble morocco; used in bookbinding; horse having a roan coat@adj. (used of especially horses) having a brownish coat thickly sprinkled with white or gray; a roan horse
roar v. make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles; utter words loudly and forcefully; emit long loud cries; ,; act or proceed in a riotous, turbulent, or disorderly way; make a loud noise, as of animal@n. a deep prolonged loud noise
roarer n. someone who communicates vocally in a very loud voice
roaring adj. very lively and profitable; doing a roaring trade; loud enough to cause (temporary) hearing loss@n. a deep prolonged loud noise; a very loud utterance@adv. extremely; roaring drunk
roast adj. (of meat) to cook by dry heat in an oven@v. cook with dry heat, usually in an oven; roast the turkey@n. a piece of meat roasted or for roasting and of a size for slicing into more than one portion; negative criticism
roasted adj. (of meat) to cook by dry heat in an oven
roaster n. flesh of a large young chicken over 3 1/2 lb suitable for roasting
roasting n. cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added)
rob v. take something away by force or without the consent of the owner; rip off; ask an unreasonable price
robber n. a thief who takes property by threatening (or performing) violence on the person who is robbed
robbery n. larceny by threat of violence; plundering during riots or in wartime
robe v. clothe formally; esp. in ecclesiastical robes@n. any loose flowing garment; long flowing outer garment used for official or ceremonial occasions
robed adj. dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination; professors robed in crimson
robin n. small Old World songbird with a reddish breast; large American thrush having a rust-red breast and abdomen
roble n. large tree of Trinidad and Guyana having odd-pinnate leaves and violet-scented axillary racemes of yellow flowers and long smooth pods; grown as a specimen in parks and large gardens
robolo n. a kind of percoid fish
robot n. a mechanism that can move automatically
robotics n. the area of AI concerned with the practical use of robots
robotlike adj. like the unthinking functioning of a machine
robust adj. physically strong; marked by richness and fullness of flavor; a robust claret; strong enough to withstand intellectual challenge; the experiment yielded robust results; rough and crude; a robust tale
robustious adj. noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline; a robustious group of teenagers
robustly adv. in a robust manner; he was robustly built
robustness n. the property of strong in constitution
roc n. mythical bird of prey having enormous size and strength
rocambole n. European leek cultivated and used like leeks
roccella n. a source of the dye archil and of litmus
rock n. a lump of hard consolidated mineral matter; he threw a rock at me; material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth's crust@v. move back and forth, like a ship
rockbound adj. abounding in or bordered by rocky cliffs or scarps
rockchuck n. heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western North America
rockcress n. noxious cress with yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium; any of several rock-loving cresses of the genus Arabis
rocker n. a performer (or enthusiast) of rock music; (British) a British teenager in the 1960s who wore leather jackets and rode motorcycles; a chair mounted on rockers; a curved support that permits the supported object to rotate to and fro
rockery n. a garden featuring rocks; usually alpine plants
rocket n. any vehicle propelled by a rocket_engine; a device containing its own propellant and driven by reaction propulsion; erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender@v. shoot up abruptly
rocketry n. the branch of engineering science that studies rocket design and operation
rockfish n. flesh of any of various valuable lean-fleshed market fish caught among rocks; marine food fish found among rocks along the northern coasts of Europe and America
rockfoil n. any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga
rocklike adj. hard as granite
rockrose n. any of numerous varieties of helianthemums having small roselike yellow or white or reddish flowers
rockslide n. a landslide of rocks
rockweed n. coarse brown seaweed growing on rocks exposed at low tide
rocky adj. abounding in rocks or stones; rocky fields; liable to rock; on high rocky heels; full of hardship or trials; the rocky road to success
rococo n. fanciful asymmetric ornamentation@adj. having excessive asymmetrical ornamentation; an exquisite gilded rococo mirror
rod n. a long thin implement made of metal or wood; any rod-shaped bacterium; (British) a linear measure of 16.5 feet; a square rod of land; visual receptor cell sensitive to dim light; (slang) a gangster's pistol
rode past tense of ride
rodent n. relatively small gnawing animals having a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing
rodeo n. an exhibition of cowboy skills; an enclosure for cattle that have been rounded up
rodlike adj. resembling a rod
rodomontade n. vain and empty boasting
roe n. fish eggs or egg-filled ovary; having a grainy texture; eggs of female fish; the egg mass or spawn of certain crustaceans such as the lobster; the eggs or egg-laden ovary of a fish
roebuck n. male roe deer
roentgen n. a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air
roentgenogram n. a photograph made by exposing photographic film to X rays; used in medical diagnosis
roentgenography n. radiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram
roentgenoscope n. an instrument that combines an X-ray source and a fluorescent screen to enable direct observation
rogation n. a solemn supplication ceremony prescribed by the church
roger interj. used especially in radio and signaling to indicate that a message has been received and understood
rogue n. a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel
roguery n. reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others
roguish adj. playful in an appealingly bold way; a roguish grin; lacking principles or scruples; _ W.M. Thackaray; the captain was set adrift by his roguish crew
roguishly adv. like a dishonest rogue; he roguishly intended to keep the money; in a playfully roguish manner; he winked at her roguishly
roguishness n. the trait of indulging in disreputable pranks; reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others
roil v. be agitated; of liquids; make turbid by stirring up the sediments of
roiled adj. aroused to impatience or anger; roiled by the delay; (of a liquid) agitated vigorously; in a state of turbulence
roiling adj. (of a liquid) agitated vigorously; in a state of turbulence; the river's roiling current
roily adj. (of a liquid) agitated vigorously; in a state of turbulence
roister v. engage in boisterous, drunken merry-making
roisterer n. an especially noisy and unrestrained merrymaker
role n. the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group:; or play its role or; an actor's portrayal of someone in a play; what something is used for; normal or customary activity; what is your role on the team?
roleplay v. perform on a stage or theater; Julius CaesarI played in
roleplaying n. acting a particular role (as in psychotherapy)
roll n. a complete turn; a list of names; a long heavy sea wave as it advances towards the shore@v. to rotate or cause to rotate; move along on or as if on wheels or a wheeled vehicle; occur in soft rounded shapes; flatten or spread with a roller
rollback n. the act of forcing the enemy to withdraw; reducing prices back to some earlier level
rolled adj. (botany) especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward; uttered with a trill; folded in on itself to form a roll; the edges of the handkerchief were rolled and whipped
roller n. a grounder that rolls along the infield; a long heavy sea wave as it advances towards the shore; a cylinder that revolves; a cylindrical tube around which the hair is wound to curl it
rollick v. play or romp around
rollicking adj. given to merry frolicking
rollickingly adv. in a carefree manner; she was rollickingly happy
rolling n. a deep prolonged sound (as of thunder); the act of robbing a helpless person@adj. characterized by reverberation; hear the rolling thunder; uttered with a trill; she used rolling r's as in Spanish
rolypoliness n. the property of having a plump and round body
romaic adj. relating to modern Greece or its inhabitants or its language
romaine n. lettuce with long dark-green leaves in a loosely packed elongated head
roman n. a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions
romance n. a relationship between two lovers; an exciting and mysterious quality (as of a heroic time or adventure); a story dealing with love@v. make amorous advances towards; have a love affair with; talk amorously
romantic n. a soulful or amorous idealist@adj. belonging to or characteristic of romanticism or the Romantic movement in the arts; romantic poetry; expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance
romantically adv. in a romantic manner; she fantasized romantically about eloping wiht her boyfriend; in a romantic manner; they were romantically linked
romanticisation n. the act of indulging in sentiment
romanticise v. interpret in a romantic way; interpret romantically
romanticism n. impractical romantic ideals and attitudes; the principles of romantic literature and art; an exciting and mysterious quality (as of a heroic time or adventure)
romanticist adj. belonging to or characteristic of romanticism or the Romantic movement in the arts@n. someone who indulges in excessive sentimentality; an artist of the romantic period or someone influenced by romanticism
romanticistic adj. belonging to or characteristic of romanticism or the Romantic movement in the arts
romanticization n. the act of indulging in sentiment
romanticize v. interpret in a romantic way; make romantic in style; interpret romantically; Don't romanticize this uninteresting and hard work!; act in a romantic way
romish adj. of or relating to or supporting Romanism
romp n. an easy victory; a girl who behaves in a boyish manner; gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement@v. play or romp around
romper n. (usually plural) a one-piece garment for children; the lower part is shaped like bloomers
rondeau n. a musical form that is often the last movement of a sonata; a French verse form of 10 or 13 lines running on two rhymes; the opening phrase is repeated as the refrain of the second and third stanzas
rondel n. a French verse form of 10 or 13 lines running on two rhymes; the opening phrase is repeated as the refrain of the second and third stanzas
rondo n. a musical form that is often the last movement of a sonata
rondolet n. a shorter form of rondeau
roneo v. make copies on a roneograph
rood n. image of cross on which Jesus died
roof v. provide a building with a roof; cover a building with a roof@n. a structure that covers or forms the top of a building; top of motor vehicle
roofed adj. covered with a roof; having a roof as specified (often used in combination); roofed picnic areas
roofer n. a craftsman who lays or repairs roofs
roofing n. the craft of a roofer
roofless adj. not having a roof; the hurricane left hundreds of house roofless; physically or spiritually homeless or deprived of security
rooftop n. the top of a (usually flat) roof
rooftree n. a beam laid along the ridge of a roof; provides attachment for upper end of rafters
rooibos n. South African shrub having flat acuminate leaves and yellow flowers; leaves are aromatic when dried and used to make an herbal tea
rook v. deprive of by deceit@n. the chessman that can move any number of unoccupied squares in a direction parallel to the sides of the chessboard; common gregarious Old World bird about the size and color of the American crow
rookery n. a breeding ground for gregarious birds (such as rooks)
rookie n. an awkward and inexperienced youth
room v. live and take one's meals (in a certain place)@n. an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling; space for movement; room to pass; : hardly enough elbow room to turn around; opportunity for; room for improvement
roomer n. a tenant in someone's house
roomette n. a small private compartment for one on a sleeping car
roomful n. the quantity a room will hold
roomily adv. with ample room
roominess n. spatial largeness (especially inside a building)
roommate n. an associate who shares a room with you
rooms n. a series of connected rooms used as a living unit
roomy adj. (of buildings and rooms) having ample space; a roomy but sparcely furnished apartment
roost v. sit, as on a branch; settle down or stay, as if on a roost@n. a shelter with perches for fowl or other birds; a perch on which domestic fowl rest or sleep
rooster n. adult male chicken
root n. the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground@v. take root; begin to grow; of plants; dig with the snout@adj. arising from or going to the root
rootbound adj. of a potted plant; grown too large for its container resulting in matting or tangling of the roots; having the roots matted or densely tangled
rooted adj. absolutely still; they stood rooted in astonishment
rooting n. the process of putting forth roots and beginning to grow
rootle v. dig with the snout
rootless adj. wandering aimlessly without ties to a place or community; a rootless wanderer
rootlet n. small root or division of a root
rootstalk n. a horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure
rootstock n. a horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure; root or part of a root used for plant propagation; especially that part of a grafted plant that supplies the roots
rope n. a strong cord@v. fasten with a rope
ropebark n. deciduous shrub of eastern North America having tough flexible branches and pliable bark and small yellow flowers
ropedancer n. an acrobat who performs on a rope stretched at some height above the ground
ropewalk n. a long narrow path or shed where rope is made
ropewalker n. an acrobat who performs on a rope stretched at some height above the ground
ropeway n. a system for transporting passengers or freight in carriers suspended from cables and supported by a series of towers
ropey adj. forming viscous or glutinous threads; (British informal) very poor in quality; ropey food
ropiness n. the property of being cohesive and sticky
roping n. capturing cattle or horses with a lasso
ropy adj. forming viscous or glutinous threads; (British informal) very poor in quality
roquette n. erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender
roridula n. either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs
rorqual n. any of several baleen whales of of the family Balaenopteridae having longitudinal grooves on the throat and a small pointed dorsal fin
rosacea n. a skin disease of adults (more often women) in which blood vessels of the face enlarge resulting in a flushed appearance
rosaceous adj. of or pertaining to or characteristic of plants of the family Rosaceae; having a dusty purplish pink color
rosary n. beads used in counting prayers (especially Catholic rosary)
rose n. any of many plants of the genus Rosa; pinkish table wine from red grapes whose skins were removed after fermentation began; a dusty pink color@adj. having a dusty purplish pink color
roseate adj. having a dusty purplish pink color; the roseate glow of dawn
rosebay n. late-spring-blooming rhododendron of eastern North America having rosy to pink-purple flowers
rosebud n. the bud of a rose; (a literary reference to) a pretty young girl
rosefish n. North Atlantic rockfish; large fish of northern Atlantic coasts of America and Europe
roselle n. East Indian sparsely prickly annual herb or perennial subshrub widely cultivated for its fleshy calyxes used in tarts and jelly and for its bast fiber
rosemary n. widely cultivated for its fragrant gray-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery; extremely pungent leaves used fresh or dried as seasoning for especially meats
rosette n. an ornament or pattern resembling a rose that is worn as a badge of office or as recognition of having won an honor; rhizoctinia disease of potatoes
rosewood n. hard dark reddish wood of a rosewood tree having a strongly marked grain; used in cabinetwork
rosilla n. a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California
rosin v. rub rosin onto, as of violin bows@n. any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules
rosiness n. a rosy color (especially in the cheeks) taken as a sign of good health; a healthy reddish complexion
rosinweed n. North American perennial having a resinous odor and yellow flowers; any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock
rosita n. erect plant with small clusters of pink trumpet-shaped flowers of southwestern United States
roster n. a list of names
rostrate adj. having a beak or beaklike snout or proboscis
rostrum n. a platform raised above the surrounding level to give prominence to the person on it; beaklike projection of the anterior part of the head of certain insects such as e.g. weevils
rosy adj. reflecting optimism; a rosy future; having the pinkish flush of health; blush colored; presaging good fortune; rosy predictions
rot v. break down; waste away@n. decay usually accompanied by an offensive odor; decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action; a ludicrously false statement
rota n. (British) a roster of names showing the order in which people should perform certain duties
rotary n. a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island; the accident blocked all traffic at the rotary@adj. relating to or characterized by rotation
rotatable adj. capable of being rotated; the theater had a rotatable stage
rotate v. turn on or around an axis or a center; exchange on a regular basis; We rotate the lead soprano every night; perform a job or duty on a rotating basis; Interns have to rotate for a few months; cause to turn on an axis or center
rotated adj. turned in a circle around an axis
rotating adj. turning about an axis
rotation n. the act of rotating as if on an axis; the rotation of the top kept time with the music; a complete turn
rotational adj. of or pertaining to rotation; rotational inertia
rotationally adv. in a rotational manner; the required influence lines are found by subjecting the model to small displacements horizontally, vertically and rotationally
rotatory adj. of or relating to or causing rotation
rotavirus n. the reovirus causing infant enteritis
rote n. memorization by repetition
rotenone n. a white crystalline insecticide that has low toxicity for mammals; is used in home gardens; extracted from the roots of derris and cube
rotgut n. any alcoholic beverage of inferior quality
rotifer n. minute aquatic multicellular organisms having a ciliated wheel-like organ for feeding and locomotion; constituents of freshwater plankton
rotisserie n. an oven or broiler equipped with a rotating spit on which meat cooks as it turns; a restaurant that specializes in roasted and barbecued meats
rotl n. a unit of weight used in some Moslem countries near the Mediterranean; varies between one and five pounds
rotogravure n. printing by transferring an image from a photogravure plate to a cylinder in a rotary press; printed material (text and pictures) produced by an intaglio printing process in a rotary press
rotor n. the rotating armature of a motor or generator; the revolving arm of a distributor; an assembly of rotating airfoils; horizontal rotors on a helicopter or compressor rotors of a jet engine
rotted adj. damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless; rotted beams
rotten adj. (informal) very bad; having rotted or disintegrated; usually implies foulness; dead and rotten in his grave; damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless; rotten floor boards
rottenly adv. in a terrible manner
rottenness n. in a state of progressive putrefaction; the quality of rotting and becoming putrid
rotter n. a person who is deemed to be despicable or contemptible; only a rotter would do that
rotting adj. becoming rotten; rotting animal flesh is attractive to vultures@n. decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action
rotund adj. spherical in shape; full and rich; orotund tones; excessively fat
rotunda n. a building having a circular plan and a dome; a large circular room
rotundity n. the roundness of a 3-dimensional object
rotundly adv. in a sonorous manner
rouble n. the basic unit of money in Russia
roue n. a dissolute man in fashionable society
rouge n. a pink or red powder applied to the cheeks@v. redden by applying rouge to; of cheeks
rougeberry n. bushy houseplant having white to pale pink flowers followed by racemes of scarlet berries; tropical Americas
rouged adj. marked by the use of various kinds of red makeup; freshly rouged lips
rough adj. having or caused by an irregular surface; trees with rough bark@adv. with roughness or violence@n. the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short@v. prepare in preliminary or sketchy form
roughage n. coarse food high in fiber but low in nutrients; its bulk stimulates peristalsis
roughcast v. shape roughly; apply roughcast to (as of a wall); hew roughly, without finishing the surface@n. a coarse plaster for the surface of external walls; a rough preliminary model
roughdried adj. (of laundry) dried but not ironed
roughen v. make rough or rougher
roughened adj. used of skin roughened as a result of cold or exposure
roughhew v. to hew (as timber) coarsely without smoothing; to form crudely or roughly
roughhewn adj. of stone or timber; shaped roughly without finishing
roughhouse n. an outbreak of rough noisy behavior -- roughhouse v.
roughish adj. somewhat rough
roughleg n. large hawk of the northern hemisphere that feeds chiefly on small rodents and is beneficial to farmers
roughly adv. (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct; roughly $3,000; with roughness or violence; he was pushed roughly aside; (`rough' is informal as in ); with rough motion as over a rough surface
roughneck n. a cruel and brutal fellow
roughness n. a texture that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven; harsh or rough to the ear; an unpolished unrefined quality; used of the sea; rowdy behavior; the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion
roughrider n. a horseman skilled at breaking wild horses to the saddle
roughshod adj. (of a horse) having horseshoes with projecting nails to prevent slipping; (of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering; Stalin's roughshod treatment of the kulaks
roulette n. a line generated by a point on one figure rolling around a second figure; a toothed wheel for making a row of perforations; a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in
round n. a charge of ammunition for a single shot@adj. having a circular shape; full and rich@v. wind around; move along a circular course; make round; be around; pronounce with rounded lips@adv. from beginning to end
roundabout n. a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island@adj. marked by obliqueness or indirection in speech or conduct; a roundabout paragraph; deviating from a straight course
rounded adj. curving and somewhat round in shape rather than jagged; low rounded hills; a chubby body; the boy had a rounded face and fat cheeks
roundedness n. the property possessed by a rounded convexity
roundel n. English form of rondeau having three triplets with a refrain after the first and third; round piece that protects armpit; a charge in the shape of a circle; a hollow roundel
roundelay n. a song in which a line or phrase is repeated as the refrain
rounders n. an English ball game similar to baseball
roundhead n. a brachycephalic person
roundheaded adj. having a brachycephalic head
roundhouse n. circular building for repairing locomotives; a hook delivered with an exaggerated swing
roundish adj. somewhat round in appearance or form
roundly adv. in a round manner; she was roundly slim; in a blunt direct manner; he was criticized roundly
roundness n. the property possessed by a line or surface that is curved and not angular
roundsman n. a worker who makes rounds (to deliver goods or make inspections or so on)
roundtable n. a meeting of peers for discussion and exchange of views; a roundtable on the future of computing
roundup n. the activity of gather livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold; a summary list; as in e.g. a news roundup
roundworm n. infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches; unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic
rouse v. become active; force or drive out; cause to be agitated, excited, or roused; cause to become awake or conscious
rousing adj. capable of arousing enthusiasm or excitement; a rousing sermon; rousing to activity or heightened action as by spurring or goading; tossed a rousing political comment into the conversation@n. the act of arousing
roustabout n. a member of a ship's crew who performs manual labor
rout v. cause to flee; dig with the snout; make a groove in; defeat disastrously@n. a disorderly crowd of people; a defeat in battle
route n. an established line of travel or access; an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation@v. send documents or materials to appropriate destinations; send via a specific route; divert in a specified direction
routed adj. decisively defeated in combat
routemarch n. a long training march for troops
routine n. an unvarying or habitual method of procedure; a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program; she had a catchy little routine@adj. occurring at fixed times or predictable intervals; made her routine trip to the store
routinely adv. according to routine or established practice; he routinely parked in a no-parking zone
roux n. a mixture of fat and flour heated and used as a basis for sauces
rove v. wander about aimlessly
rover n. someone who leads a wandering unsettled life
roving adj. (of groups of people) tending to travel and change settlements frequently@n. travelling about without any clear destination
row v. propel (a boat) with oars; row down the lake@n. an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line: a row of chairs; an angry dispute; a long continuous strip (usually running horizontally); a layer of masonry
rowan n. Eurasian tree with orange-red berrylike fruits
rowanberry n. decorative red berrylike fruit of a rowan tree
rowboat n. a small boat of shallow draft with cross thwarts for seats and rowlocks for oars with which it is propelled
rowdily adv. in a rowdy manner; the crowd got drunk and started to behave rowdily
rowdiness n. rowdy behavior
rowdy n. a cruel and brutal fellow@adj. disturbing the public peace; loud and rough; rowdy teenagers
rowdyism n. rowdy behavior
rowel n. a small spiked wheel at the end of a spur
rower n. someone who rows a boat
rowing n. the act of rowing as a sport
rowlock n. a device attached to the gunwale of a boat that holds the oar in place and acts as a fulcrum for rowing
royal adj. of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch; the royal party; established or chartered or authorized by royalty@n. a sail set next above the topgallant, on a royal mast
royalist n. an advocate of the principles of monarchy
royally adv. in a royal manner; they were royally treated
royalty n. payment to the holder of a patent or copyright or resource for the right to use their property; royal persons collectively
rozelle n. East Indian sparsely prickly annual herb or perennial subshrub widely cultivated for its fleshy calyxes used in tarts and jelly and for its bast fiber
rub v. move over something with pressure; rub my back; cause friction; scrape or rub as if to relieve itching@n. an unforeseen obstacle; the act of rubbing or wiping; he gave the hood a quick rub
rubber n. latex from trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus)@v. coat or impregnate with rubber, as of fabrics@adj. made of rubber and therefore water-repellent
rubberised adj. treated, coated, or impregnated with rubber
rubberize v. coat or impregnate with rubber, as of fabrics
rubberized adj. treated, coated, or impregnated with rubber; rubberized cloth; made of rubber and therefore water-repellent
rubberlike adj. having a texture resembling rubber
rubberneck n. a tourist who is visiting sights of interest; a person who stares inquisitively@v. strain to watch; stare curiously
rubberstamp v. stamp with a rubber-stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document; approve automatically
rubbery adj. having a texture resembling rubber; difficult to chew
rubbing n. the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another; a copy (as of an engraving) made by laying paper over something and rubbing it with charcoal; effort expended in rubbing one object against another
rubbish v. attack strongly@n. worthless material that is discarded; nonsensical talk or writing
rubbishy adj. cheap and inferior; of no value; rubbishy newspapers that form almost the sole reading of the majority
rubble n. the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up
rubdown n. the act of rubbing down
rube n. not very intelligent or interested in culture
rubefacient n. a medicine for external application that produces redness of the skin
rubella n. milder than measles but damaging to the fetus during the first trimester
rubeola n. an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children
rubicelle n. a yellow or orange variety of ruby spinel
rubicund adj. inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life; Santa's rubicund cheeks
rubidium n. a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali metal group; burns in air and reacts violently in water; occurs in carnallite and lepidolite and pollucite
rubify v. make ruby red
ruble n. the basic unit of money in Russia
rubric n. an authoritative rule; an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text; a heading that is printed in red or in a special type@v. adorn with ruby red color
rubricate v. decorate with letters painted red, of manuscripts
ruby adj. having any of numerous bright or strong colors reminiscent of the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies@n. a transparent piece of ruby that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem
ruck v. become puckered@n. a crowd especially of ordinary or undistinguished persons or things; his briliance raised him above the ruck
ruckle v. make a hoarse, rattling sound; make wrinkles or creases into a smooth surface
rucksack n. a bag carried by a strap on your back or shoulder
ruckus n. the act of making a noisy disturbance
ruction n. the act of making a noisy disturbance
rudapithecus n. fossil hominoids from north central Hungary; late Miocene
rudd n. European freshwater fish resembling the roach
rudder n. a hinged vertical airfoil mounted at the tail of an aircraft and used to make horizontal course changes; (nautical) a hinged vertical plate mounted at the stern of a vessel and used to steer it
rudderfish n. food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships; fish having the habit of following ships; found in North and South American coastal waters
rudderless adj. aimlessly drifting
rudderpost n. a vertical post at the forward edge of a rudder that enables the rudder to pivot
rudderstock n. a vertical post at the forward edge of a rudder that enables the rudder to pivot
ruddiness n. a healthy reddish complexion
ruddle v. twist or braid together, interlace; redden as if with a red ocher color
ruddles n. the common European annual marigold
ruddy adj. inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life; a ruddy complexion; having any of numerous bright or strong colors reminiscent of the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies
rude adj. socially incorrect in behavior; (of persons) lacking in refinement or grace; lacking civility or good manners; (used especially of commodities) in the natural unprocessed condition; bales of rude cotton
rudely adv. in an impolite manner
rudeness n. a manner that is rude and insulting; a natural or unrefined state
rudiment n. the elementary stages of any subject (usually plural); the remains of a body part that was functional at an earlier stage of life; Meckel's diverticulum is the rudiment of the embryonic yolk sac
rudimentary adj. being or involving basic facts or principles; these rudimentary truths; being in the earliest stages of development; rudimentary plans; (biology) not fully developed in mature animals; rudimentary wings
rudiments n. a statement of fundamental facts or principles
rue v. feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about@n. European strong-scented perennial herb with gray-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy
rueful adj. feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses
ruefully adv. in a rueful manner; `I made a big mistake,' he said ruefully
ruefulness n. sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment
ruff v. play a trump, in card games@n. a high tight collar; common Eurasian sandpiper; male has an erectile ruff in breeding season; (cards) the act of playing a trump when unable to follow suit
ruffian n. a cruel and brutal fellow
ruffianism n. violent lawless behavior
ruffianly adj. violent and lawless; the more ruffianly element
ruffle n. a strip of pleated material used as a decoration or a trim; a high tight collar@v. stir up (water) so as to form ripples; trouble or vex; ruffle somebody's composure; to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others
ruffled adj. shaken into waves or undulations as by wind; with ruffled flags flying; having decorative ruffles or frills
rug n. a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile) used to cover a floor; informal term for a toupee
rugby n. (British) a form of football played with an oval ball
rugged adj. sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring; a rugged trapper who spent months in the winderness; topographically very uneven; rugged ground; rocky and steep
ruggedisation n. the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)
ruggedization n. the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)
ruggedly adv. in a rugged manner
ruggedness n. the property of being big and strong
rugger n. (British) a form of football played with an oval ball
rugose adj. (botany) of leaves; ridged or wrinkled
ruin v. destroy completely; damage irreparably; cause to fail: This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election; reduce to bankruptcy@n. the state of being decayed or destroyed; a ruined building; the process of becoming dilapidated
ruination n. an event that results in destruction; destruction achieved by wrecking something
ruined adj. destroyed physically or morally; doomed to extinction; brought to ruin; the unsuccessful run for office left him ruined politically and economically; made uninhabitable
ruiner n. a person who destroys
ruining n. destruction achieved by wrecking something
ruinous adj. extremely harmful; bringing physical or financial ruin; a ruinous course of action; causing injury or blight; especially affecting with sudden violence or plague or ruin; a ruinous war
ruinously adv. in a ruinous manner or to a ruinous degree; ruinously high wages
rule n. a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior@v. exercise authority over; as of nations; decide with authority; be larger in number, quantity, or importance; decide on and make a declaration about
ruled adj. subject to a ruling authority; the ruled mass
ruler n. a person who rules or commands; a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths
rulership n. the position of ruler
ruling adj. exercising power or authority@n. the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself)
ruly adj. neat and tidy; a small ruly beard
rum adj. beyond or deviating from the usual or expected; what a rum fellow@n. distilled from fermented molasses; a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards
rumba n. syncopated music in duple time for dancing the rumba; a rhythmic syncopated Cuban folk dance in duple time; a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance
rumble n. a loud low dull continuous noise; a servant's seat (or luggage compartment) in the rear of a carriage; a fight between rival gangs of adolescents@v. make a low noise, as of thunder; to utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds
rumbling adj. continuous full and low-pitched throbbing sound; the rumbling rolling sound of thunder@n. a loud low dull continuous noise; they heard the rumbling of thunder
rumbustious adj. noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline; beneath the rumbustious surface of his paintings is sympathy for the vulnerability of ordinary human beings
rumen n. the first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; here food is collected and returned to the mouth as cud for chewing
ruminant adj. related to or characteristic of animals of the suborder Ruminantia or any other animal that chews a cud; ruminant mammals@n. any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments
ruminate v. chew the cuds; of ruminants; think about at length and in depth
rumination n. a calm lengthy intent consideration
ruminative adj. persistently or morbidly thoughtful
rummage n. a jumble of things to be given away; a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion); he gave the attic a good rummage but couldn't find his skis@v. search haphazardly
rummer n. a large drinking glass (ovoid bowl on a stem) for drinking toasts
rummy adj. beyond or deviating from the usual or expected@n. a chronic drinker; a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards
rumor n. gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth@v. tell or spread rumors
rumored adj. reported or spread by word of mouth; their rumored breakup
rumormonger n. a person given to gossiping
rumour v. tell or spread rumors@n. gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth
rumourmonger n. a person given to gossiping
rump n. the part of a quadruped that corresponds to the human buttocks; fleshy hindquarters; behind the loin and above the round; the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on
rumple v. disturb the smoothness of; to gather something into small wrinkles or folds; become wrinkled or crumpled or creased
rumpled adj. in disarray; extremely disorderly; a rumpled unmade bed; having wrinkles; crumpled paper
rumpus n. the act of making a noisy disturbance@v. cause a disturbance
rumrunner n. someone who illegally smuggles liquor across a border
run v. move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time; take to one's heels; cut and run@n. a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely; or; the act of testing something; a race run on foot
runabout n. an open automobile having a front seat and a rumble seat
runagate n. runaway, fugitive; vagabond
runaround n. evasive or delaying action especially in reply to a request
runaway adj. completely out of control; runaway inflation@n. an easy victory; someone who flees from an uncongenial situation
runch n. Eurasian weed having yellow or mauve or white flowers and podlike fruits
runcinate adj. having incised margins with the lobes or teeth pointing toward the base; as dandelion leaves
rundle n. one of the crosspieces that form the steps of a ladder
rundown n. a concluding summary (as in presenting a case before a law court)
rune n. any character from an ancient Germanic alphabet used in Scandinavia from the 3rd century to the Middle Ages; each rune had its own magical significance
rung n. a crosspiece between the legs of a chair; one of the crosspieces that form the steps of a ladder
runic adj. relating to or consisting of runes; runic inscription
runlet n. runnel, brook
runnel n. a small stream
runner n. someone who imports or exports without paying duties; someone who travels on foot by running; a person who is employed to deliver messages or documents; he sent a runner over with the contract
runniness n. the property of flowing easily
running n. a football play in which a player runs with the ball; the coach put great emphasis on running; the act of running@adj. moving quickly on foot; heard running footsteps behind him; (of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream
runny adj. characteristic of a fluid; capable of flowing and easily changing shape
runoff n. the occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity; a final election to resolve an earlier election that did not produce a winner
runproof adj. (of hosiery) resistant to runs or (in Britain) ladders
runt n. disparaging terms for small people
runtiness n. smallness of stature
runty adj. slang; well below average height; (used especially of persons) of inferior size
runway n. a strip of level paved ground where planes can take off and land
rupee n. the basic unit of money in Sri Lanka; equal to 100 cents; the basic unit of money in Seychelles; equal to 100 cents; the basic unit of money in Nepal; equal to 100 paisas; the basic unit of money in Mauritius; equal to 100 cents
rupestral adj. composed of or inscribed on rock; rupestral drawings in the caves of Northern Spain
rupiah n. the basic unit of money in Indonesia; equal to 100 sen
rupicolous adj. composed of or inscribed on rock
rupture v. separate or cause to separate abruptly@n. state of being torn or burst open; a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions); the act of making a sudden noisy break
ruptured adj. suddenly and violently broken open especially from internal pressure; a ruptured appendix; (`busted' is an informal term for `burst' as in )
rupturewort n. common prostrate Old World herb often used as a ground cover; formerly reputed to cure ruptures
rural adj. living in or characteristic of farming or country life; rural people; relating to rural areas; rural electrification
ruralist n. an advocate of rural living
rurally adv. in a rural manner
ruse n. a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)
rush v. step on it; attack suddenly; urge to an unnatural speed; Don't rush me, please!; act or move at high speed@adj. not accepting reservations; done under pressure; a rush job@n. the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner
rushed adj. done under pressure
rushgrass n. grass having wiry stems and sheathed panicles
rushing n. (football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line; the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner@adj. moving with extreme rapidity; sidewalks jammed with rushing crowds
rushlight n. a tallow candle with a rush stem as the wick
rushy adj. abounding in rushes; a rushy marsh
rusk n. slice of sweet raised bread baked again until it is brown and hard and crisp
russet adj. brown with a reddish tinge@n. a reddish brown homespun fabric
rust adj. of the color of rust@v. become destroyed by water or air; cause to rust@n. a red or brown oxide coating on iron or steel caused by the action of oxygen and moisture; a reddish-brown discoloration of leaves and stems caused by a rust fungus
rusted adj. having accumulated rust; rusted hinges
rustic n. an unsophisticated country person@adj. characteristic of rural life; rustic awkwardness; awkwardly simple and provincial; rustic farmers; used of idealized country life; rustic tranquility; characteristic of the fields or country
rusticate v. live in the country and lead a rustic life; send to the country; suspend temporarily from college or university, in England; as of stone, to give it a rustic look; lend a rustic character to; rusticate the house in the country
rusticity n. the quality of being rustic or gauche
rusting n. the formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water
rustle v. make a dry crackling sound, as of silk or leaves; take illegally, as of cattle@n. the light noise like the noise of silk clothing or leaves blowing in the wind
rustler n. someone who steals livestock (especially cattle)
rustless adj. without rust
rustling adj. characterized by soft sounds@n. the stealing of cattle; the light noise like the noise of silk clothing or leaves blowing in the wind
rustproof adj. treated against rusting
rustproofed adj. treated against rusting
rusty adj. covered with or consisting of rust; a rusty machine; of the color of rust; impaired in skill by neglect; ancient
rut v. be in a state of sexual excitement; of male mammals; hollow out in the form of a furrow or groove@n. a groove or furrow (especially one in soft earth caused by wheels); a settled and monotonous routine that is hard to escape
rutabaga n. large yellow root of a rutabaga plant; plant with a thick bulbous edible yellow root; used as food and animal feed
ruth n. a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others
ruthenium n. a rare polyvalent metallic element of the platinum group; it is found associated with platinum
rutherford n. a unit strength of a radioactive source equal to one million disintegrations per second
rutherfordium n. a radioactive transuranic element which has been synthesized
ruthfulness n. a state of gloomy sorrow
ruthless adj. without mercy or pity; an act of ruthless ferocity
ruthlessly adv. in a ruthless manner; the government has been urged to take immediate action to deal ruthlessly with the strikers
ruthlessness n. mercilessness characterized by a lack of pity; feelings of extreme heartlessness
rutile n. a mineral consisting of titanium dioxide in crystalline form; occurs in metamorphic and plutonic rocks and is a major source of titanium
rutted adj. full of ruts
ruttish adj. feeling great sexual desire
rutty adj. full of ruts; rutty farm roads
rya n. a shag rug made in Sweden
rydberg n. a wave number characteristic of the wave spectrum of each element
rye n. the seed of the cereal grass; hardy annual cereal grass widely cultivated in northern Europe where its grain is the chief ingredient of black bread and in North America for forage and soil improvement; distilled from rye or rye and malt
ryegrass n. any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses
